生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长和苦参总碱含量的影响  

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on seedling growth and total alkaloids of Sophora flavescens

作　　者：蔺海明[1] 纪瑛[2] 王斌[2] 杜彦斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业职业技术学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草业学报》2010年第3期102-109,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省科技攻关项目(2GS064-A43-019-08)资助

摘　　要：研究生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长和苦参总碱含量的影响。纯氮(N)施用量设0,38,75,150kg/hm2四个水平,纯磷(P2O5)施用量设0,23,45kg/hm2三个水平,二因素随机区组设计。结果表明,生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长有显著促进效应,氮和磷互作效应显著。施氮量150kg/hm2和施磷量23kg/hm2配合时株高、根芽数、苗鲜重、根鲜重和根干重最高,依次较对照(N0kg/hm2和P2O50kg/hm2)增加27.1%,31.7%,123.2%,104.8%,120.0%(P≤0.05);根直径和木部直径较对照增加26.4%,39.8%(P≤0.05);单株小叶数、小叶叶面积、单株叶面积、小叶鲜重和小叶干重分别较对照增加50.9%,79.8%,168.0%,58.5%,87.1%(P≤0.05)。生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗叶绿素和苦参总碱有显著促进效应。各处理叶绿素含量均与对照差异显著,其中施氮量75kg/hm2和施磷量45kg/hm2配合处理的叶绿素和苦参总碱含量最高,分别较对照增加80.3%,71.0%(P≤0.05)。综合分析表明,生荒地中等施氮量(75kg/hm2)和高施氮量(150kg/hm2)与低施磷量(23kg/hm2)配合施用时能获得较高的苦参苗产量。The effects of nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） on seedling growth,chlorophyll,Chl concentration,total alkaloids concentration and total alkaloids yield of Sophora flavescens was studied.Four levels of N were applied at the rates of 0 （Control）,38,75,and 150 kg/hm2 using urea （N 46%） fertilizer,and three levels of P at 0 （Control）,23,and 45 kg/hm2 using single superphosphate （P2O5 12%） in a virgin land test.Seedling stem height,bud numbers,plant fresh weight,root fresh weight,and root dry weight of S.flavescens increased significantly when N and P were applied.The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus was significant.The treatment of 150 kg/hm2 N and 23 kg/hm2 P led to significantly （P≤0.05） greater stem height,bud numbers,plant fresh weight,root fresh weight and root dry weight than the control （increases of 27.1%,31.7%,123.2%,104.8%,and 120.0% respectively）.The results for the treatment of 75 kg/hm2 N and 23 kg/hm2 P were close to these.Root dry weight/root fresh weight and root dry weight/total plant dry weight increased with P applied.The root diameter and the xylem diameter were greatest with 150 kg/hm2 N and 23 kg/hm2 P applied,increasing by 26.4% and 39.8% respectively compared with the control （P≤0.05）.There was a significant positive effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on root bark thickness which increased with N and P applied to a maximum at 45 kg/hm2 P applied.The treatment of 150 kg/hm2 N and 23 kg/hm2 P led to significantly （P≤0.05） greater leaflet numbers per plant,leaflet area,plant area,leaflet fresh weight,leaflet dry weight than the control （50.9%,79.8%,168.0%,58.5%,and 87.1% respectively）.There were positive effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on seedling Chl concentration,total alkaloids concentration and total alkaloids yield of S.flavescens.Chl concentration and total alkaloids concentration were greatest with 75 kg/hm2 N and 45 kg/hm2 P applied,increasing by 80.3% and 71.0% respectively compared with the control （P≤0.05）.It is proposed t

关 键 词：氮 磷 苦参 生物量 根部性状 生长 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]