论基层民事纠纷解决过程中裁判合法性与公信力之统一——传统中国法官的难题与当代中国法官的难处  

On the Unification of Legitimacy and Credibility in the Process of Grass-roots Civil Dispute Resolution——The Puzzles of Traditional Chinese Judges and the Troubles of Contemporary Chinese Judges

作　　者：张镭[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《政法论丛》2010年第3期40-48,共9页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：张镭主持的江苏省哲学社会科学研究项目"民间习惯与和谐司法研究"(07FXB009);司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目"民间习惯与农村民事纠纷的司法化解"(07SFB2008);教育部人文社会科学研究项目"民间习惯与基层民事纠纷的司法化解"(07JD820002)的阶段性研究成果之一

摘　　要：在基层民事纠纷解决过程中,民间习惯和国家法律的矛盾是传统中国很多朝代的法官必须面临的难题,他们常常要解决这对矛盾,以实现裁判合法性与公信力的统一。他们在这一过程中积累了很多经验,这些经验的取得与儒家学说的解释力、社会规则的认识、国家—法官—社会之间意识形态的同一性以及法官的考绩压力等因素有相当的关联。当代中国法官也面临民间习惯与国家法律之间的矛盾,但是他们却有着与传统中国法官大不相同的现实困难,包括国家—法官—社会三者之间意识形态的非同一性、法官知识体系构建的非本土性、司法目的的非现实性以及司法活动的非社会性等四个主要方面。这些困难的解决将是中国司法达致和谐的真正开始。In the process of grass-roots civil dispute resolution,nongovernmental customs and state laws of contradiction is traditional Chinese judges must face the problem in many dynasties.They often have to solve this contradiction,in order to realize the unification of legitimacy and credibility.In this process,they have gained a lot of experience in connection with huge explanatory space of Confucianism,the understanding of social rules,the ideology identity among the state,the judge and the social,and considerable pressure of judges.In contemporary China,the judge also faced the conflict between nongovernmental customs and state laws,but they have really difficulties in four major aspects different from traditional Chinese judges,including the ideology non-identity among the state,the judge and the social,non-aboriginality of the judge knowledge system,non-feasibility of the judicial purpose and non-socially of the judicial activities.To solve these difficulties is the real Chinese judicial achieving harmony.

关 键 词：民间习惯 纠纷解决 合法性 公信力 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]