世界农产品市场和贸易环境的新变化及中国面临的挑战  

The New Changes of World Agricultural Markets and Trading Environment and Challenges Facing China

作　　者：税尚楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学经济管理学院,广州510642

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2010年第6期4-8,共5页Issues in Agricultural Economy

摘　　要：中国改革开放30年来,尤其是加入WTO以来,农产品贸易和自由化取得了举世瞩目的进展。然而,由于近年来对世界农业市场和贸易中出现的垄断和金融资本操纵农产品市场的巨变认识不足,疏于对被垄断和被操纵的防范,结果仅仅由于油料进口被ABCD公司的控制而造成整个农业贸易的历史性移位,由顺差转为逆差。因此,确保国家的食物安全,反对垄断和市场操纵,发展公平贸易,通过贸易来保证农产品有效供给并增加国民福利是今后中国农业贸易面临的严峻挑战。With globalization and trade liberalization,the world markets and trade in agricultural commodities have experienced two substantial changes over the past decade:(1) multinational trading companies enhanced their controls over the entire commodity supply chain by horizontal and vertical integrations and (2) agricultural commodities became financial derivatives. These changes altered the prerequisites for the win-win welfare increases from free trade-competitive market,symmetry information and absolutely rational traders. Once multi-nationals and the Wall Street can monopolize and manipulate trade and markets,there will be no fair trade. Trade and markets can be the play-ground for multinationals and the Wall Street to seize monopoly profit at the cast of millions of consumers. Since implementing reforms and open-door policy over 30 years ago,especially joining the WTO,China has made great progress in agricultural trade liberalization. However,without taking measures to prevent trade and market to be controlled by multinationals and the Wall Street largely due to underestimating the consequences of these substantial changes in international trade and markets,Chinese agricultural trade lost ground from long-term trade surplus to deficit largely due the control of the soybean and oil product imports by ABCD. It is obviously that Chinese agricultural trade must face the challenges to take effective measures to ensure national food security and welfare increases through fair trade by conquering monopoly and manipulation by the multinationals and the Wall Street.

关 键 词：世界农产品市场 贸易环境 公平贸易 挑战 

分 类 号：F746[经济管理—国际贸易] F752[经济管理—产业经济]