西方影响与胡适论文言之“死”与白话之“活”  

Hu Shi’s Ideas on the Dead Classical Chinese and the Alive Vernacular Chinese Influenced by Western Cultures

作　　者：王光和[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学国际文化教育学院

出　　处：《世界文学评论（长江文艺出版社）》2010年第1期263-267,共5页The World Literature Criticism

摘　　要：胡适倡导白话文运动、发起文学革命一个重要的学理依据就是文言之"死"和白话之"活"。而这个学理依据的形成主要是源于进化论思想以及对欧洲文艺复兴时期欧洲各民族语言的形成和确立过程的考察和参照。有了西方的经验和参照,胡适才能对中国语言文学发展史进行重新审视,进而得出文言已"死"和白话之"活"的推论。文言已"死"的判定是白话文国语地位得以确立、文学革命获得成功、中国传统文化进行现代转型的必不可少的语言学前提。Hu Shi advocated Vernacular Movement and initiated Literary Revolution based on the rational generalization of the dead classical Chinese and the alive Vernacular Chinese. This rational generalization resulted from his accepting the social evolution theory as well as his study of the formation and establishment of all national languages in Europe during the Renaissance. Influenced by Western thoughts, Hu Shi reviewed Chinese language and the history of Chinese literature, making a conclusion that classical Chinese was dead and Vernacular Chinese was alive. The judgment that classical Chinese was dead presupposed in linguistics the settlement of vernacular Chinese as the official language, which contributed to the success of literary revolution and modern transformation of traditional Chinese culture.

关 键 词：胡适 欧洲文艺复兴 文言 白话 “死活” 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]