施肥对青海省山地草原类草场地上生物量的影响  

Effect of fertilization on aboveground biomass of mountain meadow in Qinghai province

作　　者：德科加[1] 周青平[1] 徐成体[1] 蒋卫平[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2010年第3期38-40,共3页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)国际合作项目"青海牧草养分管理与平衡施肥"(BFDP-Qinghai-2008);"现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助";"不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置"(200903060-4)项目资助

摘　　要：在青海省山地草原类草场进行了施肥试验,以确定不同施肥时期、不同施肥量组合对天然草地牧草鲜重的影响。结果表明,施肥可大幅度提高牧草产量,且因施肥量及施肥时期的不同,牧草产量差异大。施肥时间和施肥量间存在着交互作用,两者共同作用于牧草产量。施肥时间选择在6月25日,较其后的3个时期牧草鲜重分别增产20.71%、25.44%、27.28%;随着施肥时间的推后,牧草鲜重呈现持续下降趋势;3个不同施肥量处理的牧草鲜重分别比不施肥增产80.97%、86.26%和79.78%,施肥量在0~600 kg/hm2区间内,牧草鲜重变化呈抛物线型。通过综合比较分析,青藏高原山地草原类草场施氮肥时应选择在6月中下旬,施肥量应控制在420~600 kg/hm2之间。The fertilization experiment in mountain meadow,Qinghai was carried out to determine the effect of the timing and the amount of fertilization on the fresh grass yield of the natural rangeland.The results showed that fertilization improved the forage yield significantly,and the forage yield changed along with different amount and timing of applying fertilizer.The interaction exsited between the timing and the amount of applying fertilizer.Fertilization on 25thJune increased 20.71%、25.44%、27.28% of the grass yield than that of the other three later fertilization timing（20thJuly,6thAugust,24thAugust）,and along with the later timing,grass yield decreased.The three fertilization amount increased 80.97%,86.26% and 79.78% of the fresh grass yield respectively than that of the control（no fertilizer）.The changed of forage yield showed a parabola between the fertilizer amount of 0 and 600 kg/hm2comprehensively,the optimum timing of fertilization was mid-late June,while that of amount was between 420 kg/hm2 and 600 kg/hm2 on the mountain meadow in Qinghai province.

关 键 词：山地草原类草场 施肥时期 施肥量 交互作用 牧草产量 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]