喀斯特地区地下水资源承载力综合评价研究——以贵州省为例  

Assessment of Groundwater Resources Carrying Capacity in Karst Areas:Taking Guizhou Province as a Case

作　　者：贺中华[1] 梁虹[1] 黄法苏 赵芳 周盈[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省水文水资源局,贵州贵阳550001 [3]贵州省贵阳市白云区第三中学,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《水文》2010年第3期22-27,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：贵州省水利厅自然基金(KT200802);贵州省教育厅自然基金(黔教科20090039;黔教科2006307);贵州省科技基金(黔科合J字(2005)2085号)

摘　　要：喀斯特流域具有特殊的地表——地下双重介质结构,使其地下水资源承载力与非喀斯特地区有巨大差异。本文以贵州省为例,选取了地下水资源耕地灌溉率、地下水资源开发程度率、生态环境用水率等7项综合评价指标,利用可变模糊集理论,建立喀斯特地区地下水资源承载力综合评价模型,经评价得出:贵州喀斯特地区地下水资源承载力状态基本处在1～2级,表明贵州省对地下水资源开发利用已有相当的规模,但仍具有一定的开发利用潜力。最后对人口、GDP、地下水资源量和喀斯特面积与综合评价结果进行灰色关联度分析,得出以上4因素与喀斯特地区地下水资源承载力具有一定的关系,其关联程度大小顺序为:GDP>地下水资源量>人口>喀斯特分布面积;喀斯特分布面积对其地下水资源承载力具有一定程度的影响,但随着喀斯特地区经济的发展、科学技术的进步以及人们用水方式的改进,喀斯特对地下水资源承载力的影响将逐渐减小。Karst basin has a special surface（the ground floor of a double dielectric structure）,and its groundwater resources carrying capacity in karst and non karst areas has a huge difference.This paper selected 7 evaluation indexes such as the rate of groundwater resources for irrigation of farmland,rate of groundwater resources exploitation,ecological environment and etc.,to establish an integrated evaluation model of groundwater resources carrying capacity in karst areas based on the variable fuzzy set theory.The evaluation results show that the groundwater resources carrying capacity in karst areas of Guizhou stay at 1～2 level,which indicate that the groundwater resources have been considerably developed and utilized,but there are still some potential for the development and utilization.Finally,gray relational analysis was made between population,GDP,volume of groundwater resources in karst area and the results of comprehensive evaluation.The results show that the 4 factors and groundwater resources carrying capacity in karst areas have a certain relationship.The order of the degree of correlation is that GDP volume of groundwater resources Population Karst area distribution.Distribution area of karst has influence on the groundwater resources carrying capacity.With the economic development in karst areas,scientific and technological progress,as well as improvement in water use,impact of karst on groundwater resources carrying capacity will gradually decrease.

关 键 词：喀斯特 双重介质结构 地下水资源承载力 可变模糊集理论 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]