机构地区:[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]农二师34团林业管理站,库尔勒841507 [4]中国科学院阿克苏水平衡试验站,新疆阿拉尔843300 [5]新疆师范大学地球科学与旅游学院,乌鲁木齐830054
出 处:《水土保持学报》2010年第3期75-79,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基 金:西部行动计划(KZCX2-XB2-13;KZCX2-XB2-03)
摘 要:通过两年的地下水位资料与8个防护林地土壤水分与盐分分布数据,分析了喀拉米吉镇砂土、壤土与粘土绿洲防护林地土壤水盐在0-150 cm深度的分布特征,结果表明:(1)土壤水分随土壤深度的变化趋势为:砂土林地表现为随土壤深度的增大土壤贮水量从60 cm深处开始呈"波峰"、"波谷"的交替;砂壤土林地土壤贮水量随土壤深度的增加而增加;粘土林地土壤含水率开始随着深度的增大而增大,至80-120 cm以后不再增大,甚至减小。(2)砂(壤)土林地土壤水分含量低且空间异质性大,粘土林地土壤贮水量高且空间异质性小。粘土林地土壤含盐量高、砂土林地土壤含盐量低,砂土林地的土壤电导率值在1.5 mS/cm以下,粘土林地的土壤电导率值在2.5 mS/cm以下。(3)喀拉米吉镇绿洲的8个防护林地中,土壤含水量高的林地含盐量也高,含水率低的林地含盐量也低。(4)林地土壤水分布随地下水位的变化趋势表现为:林地内150 cm土体贮水量随地下水位的上升大致呈增大的趋势,林地内的土壤贮水量与地下水位具有较强的负相关关系(R2=-0.81)。林地土壤含盐量随地下水位的变化趋势表现为:(砂)壤土林地的各层土壤盐度随地下水位的上升而下降,地下水位越浅,土壤盐度越小,地下水位越深,土壤盐度越大;粘土林地中,毛管力作用强,盐分运移速度快,从而表现出地下水位越浅,土壤盐度越大,特别是下层土壤(80-100 cm,100-120 cm,120-150 cm)较明显,即土壤盐度随地下水位上升而增大。By two years of groundwater data and soil moisture and salinity of eight forests in Kalamiji oasis,soil moisture and salinity of filt,sandy and clay distributed in 0-150 cm of eight forest was analyzed,the results showed that:(1) The trend of soil moisture following soil depth was: "wave crest"and "trough"of soil moisture in sandy forest turn on alternately from 60cm;the soil moisture in filt forest increased gradrally following the soil depth in filt forest;in clay forest the soil moisture increased gradrally at the beginning,up to 80-120 cm,the soil moisture do not increase any more even decrease.(2) The soil moisture was small and the spatial heterogeneity was large in sandy forests,the soil moisture was large and the spatial heterogeneity was small in clay forests.The salinity was higher in clay forest than in sandy forests,with EC within 2.5 mS/cm and 1.5 mS/cm respectively.(3) In eight forests of Kalamiji oasis,the soil content was higher in which has higher salinity,and the soil moisture was lower in which has the lower salinity.(4) The changing trend of soil moisture and salinity following groundwater table was: the soil moisture increasing gradually following the raising groundwater table approximately within 0-150 cm,there is remarkable relativity between soil moisture of the forest and groundwater table(R2=-0.81).Soil salinity feature expressed: salinity of each layer(20 cm can be one layer) decrease following the groundwate table increase in(sandy) loam soil,that is to say,when ground water higher,salinity larger,when ground water table lower,salinity small;in clay,salt is moving quickly at the impact of strong power of mini-tube,turn out to be the phenomenon,when groundwater lable higher,salinity larger,especially embodied in underlayer(80-100 cm,100-120 cm and 120-150 cm),namely salinity increase following the uplift of the groundwater table.
分 类 号:S153.5[农业科学—土壤学] S152.7[农业科学—农业基础科学]
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