不同尺度下耕地土壤有机质和全氮的空间变异特征  

Spatial Variability of Soil Organic Matter and Total Nitrogen at Different Scales

作　　者：杨奇勇[1] 杨劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第3期100-104,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-406-3);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目课题(2005CB121108);国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2006BAD05B02)

摘　　要：在GIS技术支持下,运用经典统计学和地统计学的方法探讨了禹城市耕地土壤有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)在县级和镇级两个尺度下的空间变异特征。结果表明:土壤OM和TN的变异系数范围为0.278～0.376,均属中等变异强度,随着研究尺度的缩小,土壤有机质变异系数增大,全氮的变异系数减少。空间异质性分析结果表明,两个研究尺度下,土壤OM和TN均在一定范围内存在空间相关关系,县级尺度下土壤OM和TN的空间相关距离较大,分别为11.5 km和24.5 km,镇级尺度土壤OM和TN的变程明显变小,均在3.0 km左右;Moran′s I系数分析表明,随着研究尺度的减少,土壤OM和TN的自相关性减弱,结构性因素影响减弱,随机因素影响增强。采用Kriging最优内插法对未测点进行了估值,绘制了空间分布图,两个研究尺度下的土壤OM和TN受地形、土壤类型、土壤改良等因素的影响,均表现出明显不同的分布规律。Under the GIS technical support,classical statistics and geostatistics were used for the analysis of the spatial variability of soil organic matter（OM） and total nitrogen（TN）in Yucheng city with two sampling scales.The results showed that the coefficients of variation（CV）for both OM and TN variables at two scales were in the range of 0.278～0.376,which demonstrated a moderate variation among.With the decreasing of scale,the CV for the soil OM content was increased,while the CV for the TN content was reduced slightly.Semivariance analysis showed that both OM and TN variables of the two different scales were spatially correlation at different lag distances.At the county scale,soil OM and TN content had a large spatial correlation distance,which were 11.5 km and 24.5 km,respectively.However,the soil OM and TN content at the town scale had the smaller spatial correlation distance,which were close to 3.0 km.Moran′s I coefficient analysis showed that with the research-scale reduction,the self-correlation of soil OM and TN are weakened,and weakened structural factors,random factors increased.The unobserved points were estimated and the map of spatial distribution were obtained using the kriging interpolation.The results indicated that the spatial distribution of soil OM and TN content at two different scales was obviously different.The mainly affected factors were the topology,soil type soil improvement etc.

关 键 词：不同尺度 有机质 全氮 空间异质性 地统计学 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]