救灾需求内涵模式及其指标体系与救助评估研究  

Preliminary Study of Demand Model of Disaster Relief and Its Index System and Aid Assessment

作　　者：孙燕娜[1] 王玉海[2] 廖建辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院 [2]北京师范大学资源经济与政策研究中心 [3]北京师范大学资源学院

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2010年第6期85-94,共10页Research on Economics and Management

基　　金：民政部国家减灾中心委托项目"救灾需求;能力和效果评估内容体系和示范研究"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：灾害救助的效果评价是灾害分析的重要内容。从已有研究来看,至今还没有一套被认可的灾害救助需求理论,实践中也没有一套恰当评价灾害救助效果的方法。本研究从受灾地区及其灾民的需求出发,界定了灾害救助需求及特点,提出了"‘2+3'灾害救助需求框架模型"。并进一步以灾民主体需求为线索,提炼形成一个包括"生命需求—生活需求—心理需求"在内的"三位一体救助需求"指标体系。在此基础上,对灾害救助概念模型以及灾害需求经验系数进行了研究,就一些物资或人员的最小需求量进行了计算运用。最后,以需求系数为依据对救助需求满足的效果进行了评判,还延伸梳理了灾害救助能力建设的主要内容。Evaluation of disaster relief is an important part of hazard analysis. However, until now, we can＇t find an approved demand theory of disaster relief, and in practice, there isn＇t an appropriate method of effect evaluation of this. In this study, from the view of the victims＇needs from the disaster - stricken areas , the authors define the disaster relief de- mand and its characteristics, propose a ‘2 ＋ 3＇ framework model of disaster relief demand, and accordingly summarize a three - dimensional relief demands index system, which includes survival needs , living needs and psychological needs. On this basis, we study on conceptual model of disaster relief and experience coefficient of needs for each type of disaster and calculate the minimum demands of some materials and staff. Finally, based on demand coefficient, this paper evaluates the effect of aid as well as systemize and extend the main content of capacity building of disaster relief.

关 键 词：救灾需求 指标体系 救助效果 救灾能力 

分 类 号：F840.6[经济管理—保险]