暖温带山地森林的小气候研究  

STUDY ON THE MICROCLIMATE IN THE MOUNTAIN FOREST IN THE WARM TEMPERATE ZONE

作　　者：李海涛[1] 陈灵芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院北京森林生态系统定位研究站

出　　处：《植物生态学报》1999年第2期139-147,共9页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

摘　　要：本文探讨了暖温带山地落叶阔叶混交林和油松林不同梯度的气温、湿度、土壤温度的日变化特征，不同季节的分析结果表明：１．落叶阔叶林夜间始终存在气温随高度增加而增加（第１梯度＞第２梯度＞第３梯度＞第４梯度）的辐射逆温现象。油松林夜间林内气温观测值始终低于林冠以上值。２．在生长季的不同时期，人工油松林的林内气温（林地以上２ｍ和４ｍ）的日间波动程度和振幅都高于林冠以上（林冠顶以上０．５ｍ和２．５ｍ）。而在生长季中期，充分发育的落叶阔叶林林冠能够明显地缓减林内气温波动和振幅。３．两类林分各梯度的气温一般均在正午后２～３小时内达到高峰，而早晚较低，具有明显的日变化特征。４．落叶阔叶林林冠以上２．５ｍ处的水汽压及相对湿度始终低于林地以上４ｍ（林下灌木层以上２．５ｍ）处的同期值，具有比油松林更强的增湿效应。During the period from May to September of 1993,observation were made to investigate the characteristics of microclimate in the natural deciduous broad leaved mixed forest and the artificial coniferous forest from the point of daily trend in different seasons.The results of the investigations are summarized as follows: Inversion layer of air temperature existed obviously in the deciduous broad leaved mixed forest at night.The air temperature and its daily fluctuation and amplitude under crown cover were higher than those above the canopy at the artificial coniferous forest in the measurements of different seasons.It is the same at the earlier stage and last stage of the deciduous broad leaved mixed forest.The daily fluctuation and amplitude of the air temperature under the canopy were lower than those above the canopy at the medium stage of the deciduous broad leaved mixed forest because of its fully grown canopy.The diurnal air temperature reaches the maximum 2 or 3 hours after high noon in both forest types.The vapor pressure and relative humidity under the canopy were higher than those above the canopy in the deciduous broad leaved mixed forest,in the irrespective of seasons of measurements.

关 键 词：小气候 落叶阔叶混交林 油松林 

分 类 号：S718.512[农业科学—林学]