热带雨林片断化对榕小蜂和榕树物种的影响  

THE EFFECTS OF FRAGMENTING OF TROPICAL RAINFOREST ON THE SPECIES STRUCTURE OF FIG WASPS AND FIG TREES,CHINA

作　　者：杨大荣[1] 李朝达[1] 韩灯保[1] 姚瑞英 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所

出　　处：《Zoological Research》1999年第2期126-130,共5页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：中国科学院重大项目;云南省应用基础基金

摘　　要：榕树是热带雨林生态系统中的一类关键物种。榕树必须依靠榕小蜂传粉才获得有性繁殖；而榕小蜂的幼虫又必须依靠榕树瘿花为食才能生长和繁衍后代，因此二者间有着密切的共生关系。研究表明：在西双版纳热带雨林榕小蜂科有３属１７种分布。热带雨林片断化使榕小蜂和榕树的种类呈明显下降趋势；片断热带雨林面积的大小对二者的物种数和个体数有明显的影响。Fig trees are a keystone species in the ecosystem of tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna.For the species of their flowers,fig trees ( Ficus spp.) are dependent upon Hymenoptera of the family Agaonidae (fig wasps).For the propagation and growing of their kind,the fig wasps are dependent upon the gall (ovaries) of the figs,in which their larvae develop.Thus,the complicated symbioses relationship between fig wasps and fig trees have developed.In this paper,the effects of fragmenting of tropical rainforest on the population structure of fig wasps and fig trees,and the population of Agaonidae and Ficus have been described and reported for the first time.As a foundationnal part of the project of biodiversity conservation on fragments of the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna,the survey of fig trees and fig wasps on fragments of the tropical rainforest in Menglun has been done in details.As the result:The total number of fig wasps (Agaonidae) collected was 18000 which consisted of 3 genera and 17 species.The species of Agaonidae and Ficus and their populations which had ever lived in the fragmentary tropical rainforest were directly effected,because that the size of fragmented forest is closely interrelated with the number of species which live in it.There are reciprocal and specific relations between figs and fig wasps.

关 键 词：西双版纳 片断热带雨林 榕小蜂 榕树 

分 类 号：Q949.737.4[生物学—植物学] Q969.545.5