基于动力学模型的城市资源竞争机制  

Study on urban resource competition mechanism based on dynamic mode

作　　者：肖杨[1] 毛显强[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《地理研究》2010年第6期1083-1091,共9页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973课题(2005CB724204)

摘　　要：城市间资源的过度竞争是城市群和谐发展的一大障碍,严重影响了城市群综合竞争力的提高。本文采用动力学模型研究了城市发展与其资源约束的关系,并引入风险规避函数,建立城市资源竞争模型来模拟城市资源竞争的演进机制。分析表明:(1)城市发展与演变过程中,具有较为明显的规模效应,在初期由于集聚效应,城市经济达到一定规模后得以更为迅速的发展;当城市发展规模过大,必然受到自然资源的约束,出现规模效应递减;(2)城市资源竞争是一个非常复杂的动力过程,包括社会经济发展的市场作用,也受到政府行为、科技水平等人类行为因素影响。经济发展战略的选择、人口与科技等相关因素都会对资源竞争的结果产生深刻作用;缩小人均收入与生态效率的差距有助于协调城市间资源竞争关系。Nowadays,with the faster and faster pace of regional/global economic integration,cooperation opportunities on all scales have appeared one by one,and the urban agglomerations have been a stronge driving force to promote the persistence and rapid economic development in China.On the other hand,vicious competition between cities poses a threat to the improvement of the integrated competition capability of urban agglomeration.The resource competition between cities is a complex non-linear dynamic process,whose outcome would be influenced by population flow,gaps between per capita income,eco-efficiency and games between governments.It could be found that the resource competition is involved by market force,policies and governmental actions.Based on dynamic modes,the non-linear relationship between urban development and its resource is discussed.And an urban resource competition mode,with a risk-eluded function,is established to simulate the evolution mechanism.The results show：（1） during the process of urban evolution,there is an obvious scale effect,because of which urban areas could develop fast earlier and be held in by resource limitation when the city is oversized;（2） urban resource competition is a very complex dynamic process,with the effect of market economy,governmental action and technological factor.The economy stratagem,population and technological factors would influence the competition result.It helps to construct a harmonious resource relationship in urban agglomeration.

关 键 词：资源竞争 动力学过程 竞争模型 风险规避函数 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济] F224