源分离技术的国内外研发进展及应用现状  

Global R & D Progress and Applied Situation of Source Separation Techniques

作　　者：郝晓地[1] 衣兰凯[1] 仇付国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院可持续环境生物技术研发中心,北京100044

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2010年第12期1-7,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BA01B03-02);北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划--高层次人才资助项目(PHR20100508);北京市教委科技计划面上项目(KM200810016006)

摘　　要：污水末端处理的最大缺陷是以大量清洁水稀释人粪、尿等排泄物,并经管道收集、输送后进行集中处理。现代生活中卫生而不生态的水冲便器不仅浪费和污染大量水资源,而且也彻底阻断了营养物质回归土地的生态之路。因此,污水末端处理方式日益受到质疑。粪便与尿液从源头分离可从根本上改变末端处理的弊端,原生态的生活习惯可通过粪、尿液分离便器达到既生态又卫生的目的。从尿液源分离概念及优越性入手,首先概述了包括生态卫生(ECOSAN)在内的源分离技术最新研究进展。其次,总结并讨论了源分离技术在国内外的工程应用实例。最后,对源分离技术的未来发展进行了展望。One of drawbacks of end-of-pipe technology is that a large quantity of clean water is consumed for toilet flush, and the sewage is centrally treated after being collected and transported by pipeline. The flush toilet that is sanitary but not ecological in the modem life wastes and pollutes a large quantity of water resource as well as detains nutrients back to farmlands. For this reason, the end-of-pipe technology is increasingly doubted. Separation of feces and urine at source can effectively improve the drawback, which can be realized by urine separation toilet such as urine diversion dehydration toilet （UDDT）. Based on such a concept, some recent progresses on source separation techniques including ecological sanitation （EcoSan） are summarized. Next, some global applied cases are introduced. Finally, the future of source separation techniques is prospected.

关 键 词：源分离 末端处理 生态卫生 粪/尿分离便器 灰水 黄水 棕水 黑水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]