近30年玛纳斯河流域土地利用/覆被变化对植被碳储量的影响  

Impact of Land Use/Cover Change on the Vegetation Carbon Storage in the Manas River Basin between 1976 and 2007

作　　者：柳梅英[1,2] 包安明[1] 陈曦[1] 刘海隆[3] 张红利[1,2] 陈晓娜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]石河子大学,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2010年第6期926-938,共13页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：973项目"亚欧内陆干旱区碳循环过程及其在全球碳循环中的作用"(2009CB825105);国家科技支撑计划"水资源与水灾害空间信息服务系统研发"(2007BAH12B03);中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目"新疆玛纳斯绿洲水盐迁移化规律与演变趋势预测研究"(KZCXZ-YW-BR-12)

摘　　要：天然植被退化,部分转变为人工植被和人类聚居区是干旱区绿洲过程的重要表现之一,而目前对土地利用变化影响植被碳储量的机制还不十分清楚。论文尝试采用CASA模型及1976—2007年4期9月份Landsat卫星影像估算玛纳斯河流域9种植被类型的净初级生产力,并通过植物枯损模型估算了流域内植被碳密度,进而估算出流域内各类型植被碳储量,最后分析土地利用/覆被类型间的转移对植被碳储量的影响。结果表明,在1976—2007年间,受农作物种植结构及品种变化影响,绿洲农田植被碳密度变化较大;同期流域植被碳储量共增加了50.50×104t C,其中林地被乱砍乱伐,灌木林地、天然牧草地退化为荒草地使得流域植被碳储量减少了1.21×104t;林地、农田、荒草地以及未利用地之间的转移使得流域植被碳储量总共增加了18.52×104t C。研究结果显示,流域内植被碳储量总体呈增加趋势,且农田是影响流域植被碳储量的主要因素。Land use changes influence the distribution and structure of terrestrial ecosystems, and also change their carbon storage. One of the important performances in oasis process of arid area is that the natural vegetation degenerates, and the part of it was transformed into artificial vegetation and human communities. At present, the effect of LUCC on vegetation carbon storage mechanism is also not very clearly. According to the CASA model and by using the Landsat MSS/TM/ETM^＋ data separately acquired in 1976, 1989, 2000 and 2007, this paper estimates the net primary productivity of the Manas River basin. Furthermore, we used mortality model to estimate vegetation carbon densities. Then, we got different types of vegetation carbon storage. Finally, we analyzed the impact of transformation during different land use/cover classifications on the vegetation carbon storage, in the Manas River basin between 1976 and 2007. Also, we traced the land conversions in the period between 1976 and 2007 and analyzed the changes among cropland, forest, shrubbery, natural grassland, waste-grassland, settlement place and so on. The result showed that because of the change of planting structure and species, the density of vegetation carbon changed greatly. The vegetation carbon storage increased 50. 50 × 10^4 t C from 1976 to 2007. Then we find that different land types can be transferred to each other. Based on the above data, we calculated the impacts of cropland, forest, shrubbery, natural grassland and wasteland conver- sions on the vegetation carbon storage. It is found out that the vegetation carbon storage decreased 1.21 × 10^4t C due to land degradation and unlawful and uncontrolled felling of forests of the study area. At the same time, we found out that because a large area of unused land has been reclaimed as cropland, afforestation and conceding the cropland to forest and grass, the vegetation carbon storage increased 18.52 ×10^4 t C . The result showed that the total vegetation carbon storage was an increased trend, an

关 键 词：土地利用/覆被变化 植被碳储量 CASA模型 玛纳斯河流域 

分 类 号：TP751[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]