基于模糊综合评价法的公共场所集中空调送风品质评价  

Assessment of the Supply-Air Outlet from Centralized Air Condition of the Pearl River Delta

作　　者：辜少虹[1] 黄锦叙[1] 麦哲恒[1] 张建鹏[1] 袁章林 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510300 [2]赣州卫生学校

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2010年第3期173-176,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金资助项目(WSTJJ20081225440111690622422)

摘　　要：目的评价珠江三角洲公共场所集中空调送风的整体品质,判断其对公共场所空气的污染程度以及其对公众健康危害构成的风险程度,为2010年广州亚运会卫生保障工作提供决策依据。方法随机抽取珠江三角洲各种类型的11家公共场所的145个集中空调送风口,依据《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(2006)对送风中细菌总数、真菌总数、β溶血性链球菌、PM10以及冷却水中嗜肺军团菌进行检测。按照《公共场所卫生综合评价方法》(WS/T199-2001),对被评价单位集中空调送风品质进行模糊综合评价。结果 145个送风口可吸入颗粒物(PM10)中位数为0.030 mg/m3,合格率为82.07%;菌落总数中位数为200 cfu/m3,合格率为71.72%;真菌总数中位数为148 cfu/m3,合格率为98.62%;β-溶血性链球菌均未检出,合格率为100.00%。98份冷却塔冷却水有12份冷却水检出嗜肺军团菌,检出率为12.24%。11家被评价单位的卫生质量等级有10家为Ⅰ级,仅1家为Ⅱ级。所有被评价单位集中空调送风品质模糊综合指数均<0.5。结论珠江三角洲11家公共场所集中空调送风卫生质量整体良好,部分冷却水嗜肺军团菌的检出说明珠江三角洲集中空调通风系统存在军团菌污染的危险,应引起足够重视。Objective To assess the overall quality of supply-air from centralized air condition in selected public places of the Pearl River Delta and identify the level of pollution as well as health risk,provide the basis for sanitary control in Guangzhou 2010 Asian Games.Methods Eleven Public Places with ventilating systems in air conditions in the Pearl River Delta were randomly selected and the hygienic inspection on the samples of supply-air outlet was performed including PM10,aerobic bacterial count,molds count,β Strep tococcus hemolyticus,according to hygiene norm for Central Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems of Public Place.Assessment was carried out by comprehensive evaluation method of health for public places.Results The qualified rates of PM10,aerobic bacterial count,molds count,β Strep tococcus hemolyticus were separately 82.07%,71.72%,98.62% and 100.00% in air supplied outlet.Legionella pneumophilias were detected in 12 of 98 samples of the cooling water,occupying 12.24%.Eleven selected public places with ventilating systems in air conditions ranked first in hygiene quality except one unit.Fuzzy aggregative indexes of supplied air were all less than 0.5 in selected units.Conclusion The air from ventilating systems in air conditions is overall in good condition in selected unites,but central air conditioning systems are in risk of Legionella pollution.Departments of health must get enough attention.

关 键 词：空调送风 模糊综合评价 嗜肺军团菌 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]