全球重要农业文化遗产评选标准解读及其启示  

Explanations and Enlightenments of the GIAHS’s Criteria

作　　者：闵庆文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《资源科学》2010年第6期1022-1025,共4页Resources Science

基　　金：FAO/GEF项目"稻鱼共生全球重要农业文化遗产动态保护与适应性管理"(GCP/GLO/212/GEF)

摘　　要：本文介绍了联合国粮农组织全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)保护试点的评选标准,并进行了简单分析。结合项目总体进展,提出了建立国家重要农业文化遗产(NIAHS)标准及进行保护试点的遴选时,应重点考虑生物与文化多样性、文化与生态及经济的可持续性、区域与类型的代表性、对履行国际公约的贡献、对当地经济社会发展和生态环境保护的作用、可示范性与地方保护的积极性等几个方面。In 2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization （FAO） of the United Nations initiated the international project named Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS）.Up to now,six different systems have been selected as pilot sites including China’s Qingtian Traditional Rice Fish Culture.The criteria of GIAHS pilot sites include three parts： System criteria,contextual criteria and project implementation criteria.System criteria cover outstanding characteristics （indicators include food and livelihood security,benefits maximization,social cohesion,resource endowments and knowledge systems,social and cultural diversity,public goods,traditional knowledge,and relation to the land）,proved history of sustainability （indicators include economic viability and sustainability,adaptive capacity,and human ecological sustainability）,and global significance （indicators include public goods and value-added）.Contextual criteria cover representation （indicators include geography,eco-regions ecosystems,systemic,scalar impacts,demonstration effect,and outstanding examples）,external threats （indicators include external threats）,and policy and development relevance （indicators to be developed）.Project implementation criteria cover project integration （indicators include project integration,partnerships,and international conventions）,co-finance potential and project approach （indicators include indicators include international conventions,incremental approach,community empowerment,respect,decentralization,ecosystems approach,programmatic approach,and value-added）.Considering the implementation of the project in China,the author suggested Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （NIAHS） and their conservation should be paid much attention to and the criteria should cover some aspects like bio-cultural diversity,cultural-ecological-social sustainability,regional and typical representativeness,contribution to international conventions

关 键 词：全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS) 标准 国家重要农业文化遗产(NIAHS) 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]