海洋石油降解微生物的筛选及降解条件优化  

Isolation of Hydrocarbon Degradation Bacteria and Optimization of Degradation Condition

作　　者：包木太[1] 陈庆国[1] 范晓宁[1] 孙培艳[2,3] 高振会[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室,山东青岛266033 [3]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期115-120,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50604013);青岛市应用基础研究计划项目(09-1-3-17-jch);国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金(200913;201014)资助

摘　　要：从青岛港口海水中筛选出了4株适宜海洋环境的高效烃降解菌,根据传统的细菌鉴定方法将这4株菌鉴定到属,其中N1为脂肪杆菌属,N2为海球菌属,N3为微杆菌属,N4为动性球菌属。考察了温度、盐度和pH对4株混合菌生长的影响,结果表明它们都适合中性偏碱性环境生长,具有一定的耐盐性,并能耐受较低的温度,适合海洋环境。N4菌具有较宽的底物利用范围,对高浓度原油的耐受能力较强,当原油的浓度为2.5%时,其降解率仍可达到60%以上。通过构建优势混合菌发现,4株菌混合时对原油的降解能力最强。其降解原油的最佳pH=8,最佳盐度为NaCl%=3%。Four strains of Hydrocarbon Degradation Bacteria （HDB）, N1, N2, N3 and N4 were isolated from seawater samples collected from the coastal areas of Qingdao and they could degrade hydrocarbons effectively. They were affiliated as Pimelobacter, Marinococcus, Microbacterium, and Planococcus, re- spectively. All of the strains grew well in neutral-alkaline condition and could withstand high concentra- tions of salt （NaCI） and the activation of bacteria could be inhibited when the temperature was very low. All of them are fit for marine environment. Strain N4 was the most superior hydrocarbon degrader with a wide range of substrates utilization. It got the tolerance for crude oil of high concentration, and the degradation rate can still reach more than 60% when the concentration of crude oil was up to 2.5%. The mixture of four strains has the highest petroleum degradation efficiency. The suitable initial pH of the mixed strains is 8 and the NaCl concentration is 3%.

关 键 词：烃降解菌 海洋环境 筛选 条件优化 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]