椎弓根钉置入内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的应用进展  

Application advances of pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures

作　　者：王旭[1] 李永民[1] 谷守山[1] 

机构地区：[1]唐山市第二医院脊柱外科,河北省唐山市063000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2010年第22期4109-4112,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:介绍椎弓根螺钉固定技术在胸腰椎骨折治疗方面的应用和进展。方法:第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed数据库(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)及CNKI数据库(www.cnki.net/index.htm),在标题和摘要中以"椎弓根螺钉,胸腰椎骨折,内固定"或"vertebralpediclescrew,thoracolumbarfracture,internalfixation"为检索词进行检索。选择文章与椎弓根螺钉固定的解剖学基础、生物力学分析、临床应用及优缺点相关,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章。共纳入31篇文献。结果:经椎弓根内固定器能有效地恢复椎体的高度及生理弧度,使移位的骨块回复原解剖结构并加以固定,从而使神经管得以持久有效的减压。椎弓根螺钉固定能提供坚强的内固定,可以矫正畸形和维持脊柱的三维位置,提供较好的生物力学稳定性。近年来各种技术的联合应用,微创技术的发展,使得用于治疗胸腰椎骨折的后路技术种类繁多,但椎弓根固定技术是多种治疗胸腰椎骨折后路技术的基础。结论:椎弓根螺钉固定是一种有效的胸腰椎内固定技术,它可用于各种原因引起的胸腰椎不稳,特别是胸腰椎骨折的治疗。OBJECTIVE： To introduce application and advances of pedicle screw internal fixation in treating thoracolumbar fracture. METHODS： A computer-based online search of PubMed database （http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed） and CNKI database （www.cnki.net/index.htm） was performed for related articles with key words ＂vertebral pedicle screw, thoracolumbar fracture, internal fixation＂ in English and Chinese. Articles related to anatomic basis, biomechanical analysis, clinical application and advantages and disadvantages, published in authoritative journals recently in the same filed were included. A total of 31 articles were finally included. RESULTS： Transpedicular internal fixators can effectively restore vertebral height and physiological curve to recover and fix the displaced bone block to original position to decompress the neural tube. Pedicle screw fixation can provide strong fixation, correct deformity, maintain spinal three-dimensional position, and provide good biomechanical stability. Recently, the combination of various techniques and development of minimal invasive technique increase posterior approaches for thoracolumbar fracture, which are all on the basis of pedicle screw fixation. CONCLUSION： Pedicle screw fixation is an effective technique for thoracolumbar internal fixation and can be used for various thoracolumbar instabilities, in particular the thoracolumbar fractures.

关 键 词：椎弓根螺钉 胸腰椎骨折 内固定 应用 硬组织植入物 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]