人工髋关节置换材料的摩擦和损耗影响因素分析  

Factors influencing friction and loss of artificial hip joint prosthesis

作　　者：肖小燕[1] 刘建庭[1] 肖瑾瑛[2] 

机构地区：[1]井冈山大学附属医院,骨科,江西省吉安市343000 [2]井冈山大学附属医院,护理部,江西省吉安市343000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2010年第21期3911-3914,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:从材料学及临床应用方面阐述提高人工髋关节假体性能的重要性,为提高人工髋关节置换质量提供依据。方法:以"人工髋关节,髋关节置换,假体材料,磨损机制,摩擦磨损性能为中文关键词;以:"hip,hip replacement,prosthesis,wear mechanism,friction and wear propertiest"为英文关键词,采用计算机检索1993-01/2009-10相关文章。纳入与有关人工髋关节假体磨损性能的研究相关的文章;排除重复研究或Meta分析类文章。以30篇文献为主重点讨论了提高人工髋关节假体材料性能的重要性。结果:人工髋关节从设计应用、改进、再应用已成为一种效果非常肯定的治疗手段,但都面临着不同程度的问题,应从改进人工髋关节设计和制造工艺,提高材料的耐磨性与力学性能,增强假体与宿主骨的结合性,减少应力遮挡,寻找新的人工髋关节假体材料等方面来提高置入物与宿主的生物相容性,从而能够更好地延长假体使用寿命。结论:低磨损型人工髋关节材料是提高治疗质量的重要因素,人工髋关节置换后基础研究的深入和临床长期随访观察,可能提供更合适的假体材料,需要多方向不断探索。OBJECTIVE：To explain the importance of improving the performance of artificial hip prosthesis in a view of materials science and clinical application,and to provide evidence for improving the quality of total hip replacement.METHODS：Using ＂artificial hip,hip replacement,prosthesis,wear mechanism,friction and wear properties＂ as Chinese keywords ,＂hip,hip replacement,prosthesis,wear mechanism,friction and wear properties＂ as English key words,articles published between January 1993 and October 2009 were searched by computer.Articles related to the wear properties of artificial hip joint prosthesis were included;repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded.Thirty articles mainly focused on the importance of improving the properties of hip joint prosthesis. RESULTS：From the design,application,improvement and re-application,artificial hip joints exhibit a very positive effect of treatment,but are faced with various problems,so we should improve artificial hip joint regarding their design and manufacturing techniques,so as to improve the wear resistance and mechanical properties of materials,enhance the integration between prosthesis and host bone,reduce stress shielding,search for new artificial hip joint prosthesis,which all contribute to increase the biocompatibility of the implant and the host,thus allowing better use to extend the prosthesis life. CONCLUSION：Low-wear artificial hip joint prosthesis material is an important factor to improve the quality of treatment.Basic researches and clinical long-term follow-up observations after total hip replacement may provide a more appropriate prosthesis and require continuous exploration in several directions.

关 键 词：人工髋关节 髋关节置换 假体材料 磨损机制 摩擦磨损性能 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]