地形暴雨的多普勒天气雷达观测分析  

The analysis of orographic rainstorm based on Doppler weather radar measurements

作　　者：柴东红 景华 孟凯 侯瑞钦 曲晓黎[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北省气象台,石家庄050021 [2]河北省气象局河北省生态环境检测实验室,石家庄050021 [3]河北省气象科技服务中心,石家庄050021

出　　处：《气象科学》2010年第3期366-372,共7页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：灾害天气国家重点实验室开放课题预报员专项(CMATG2006Y07)

摘　　要：为了进一步揭示地形对暴雨的影响,提高强降水的预报、监测和预警能力,针对三次落区于太行山东部迎风坡的暴雨天气,通过对多普勒天气雷达的观测分析发现:三次暴雨均为积层混合型絮状回波,受太行山地形的影响,无论回波移动方向如何,在偏东风作用下,较强回波均在太行山东侧迎风坡加强(或有新生)、合并、移速减慢,对应降水加强;三次过程径向速度场均为连续的大尺度风场特征,低层均有偏东风"牛眼"出现并伴有风速辐合,"牛眼"的形成、强弱、面积的大小和维持时间的长短以及风向的变化对三次暴雨的形成至关重要。低层偏东风"牛眼"结构急流的存在为太行山迎风坡暴雨形成的判据。In order to further reveal the influence of terrain on the rainstorm and enhance the ability of forecasting,monitoring and the early warning for strong precipitation,the Dopler radar data have been used to analyze three rainstorm processes falling on the windward slope of the Taihang Mountain.It is suggested that the echo of the three rainstorm courses were all floccus of mixed cumuliform and stratiform clouds.No matter wherever the radar echo moved,the stronger echo was strengthened,merged and decelerated on the windward slope of Taihang Mountain because of the easterly wind and the terrain.The precipitation was also stronger.The radial velocity fields of the three processes were all continuously large-scale wind field.The three courses all had the easterly bull＇s eyes and convergence of wind velocity.The existence of easterly bull＇s eyes-like jet at low level could be a criterion for the formation of the rainstorm falling on the windward slope of the Taihang Mountain.

关 键 词：暴雨 强回波 天气雷达 

分 类 号：P463.213[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]