2008年初上海冰雪天气与冷空气路径的相关性研究  

Research on relationship between path of cold wave and heavy snow period in Shanghai at the beginning of 2008

作　　者：陈永林[1] 邵玲玲[1] 漆梁波[1] 韩昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海中心气象台,上海200030

出　　处：《气象科学》2010年第3期414-419,共6页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：上海市科委重点项目(042512014);上海市研究型专项(YJ200707)

摘　　要：2008年1月10日至2月2日,中国南方地区出现了自1951a以来最为严重的连续低温冰雪灾害天气。研究表明,冰雪天气是北方强冷空气与南方暖湿气流共同作用的结果。进一步研究得到,低空冰点以下温度是下雪的基本条件,但上海冬季降水性质还与冷空气路径有关,当冷高压中心位于蒙古东部,冷空气从中路偏东南下时,上海受到东北海风的暖海面调节,近地面气温升高,使雪花在降落过程中融为雨水,上海以雨为主偶有小雪;当冷高压中心位于蒙古西部,冷空气从中路南下,上海吹西北来陆风时,脱离了冬季暖海面调节,雪花保持固态着地,上海同内陆地区一样下雪。South China was hit by lasting low-temperature and snow weather from 10 Jan.to 2 Feb.,2008,which is the most serious one since 1951.Snow weather was caused by meeting of cold air and warm moist flow.Another basic condition for snowing is air temperature near surface lower than zero.Phase of winter precipitation in Shanghai has a close relationship with path of cold air.When cold air moves south by an easterly path,Shanghai is affected by northeasterly wind originated from warm sea surface.With a rising temperature near surface,rainfall even occasional snow usually appears in Shanghai.When cold air moves to the south through a central path,Shanghai is affected by northwesterly cold wind,and it snows to the ground.

关 键 词：冰雪天气 冷空气路径 暖海面 

分 类 号：P426.631[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]