华南泥盆纪生物礁演化及其控制因素  

Evolution and controlling factors of the Devonian bioreefs in South China

作　　者：吴义布[1,2] 龚一鸣[1,2,3] 张立军[1,2] 冯启[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]河南理工大学资源环境学院 生物遗迹与沉积矿产河南省重点实验室,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《古地理学报》2010年第3期253-267,共15页Journal of Palaeogeography：Chinese Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:40872001;40921062);地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室科技部专项和中国石油化工股份有限公司海相油气勘探前瞻性项目(编号:G0800-06-ZS-319)联合资助

摘　　要：通过对华南泥盆纪生物礁现有资料和作者获得的实际材料的分析研究,编制了华南早、中、晚泥盆世生物礁分布图。华南泥盆纪生物礁最早出现在埃姆斯期晚期,分布层位由西南向北东逐渐变新。华南泥盆纪生物礁分布和演化具有3方面的特征:(1)不同类型生物礁演化差异很大:浅水礁变化最大,台缘礁变化次之,深水礁几乎没有变化;(2)主要造礁生物随时间演替明显:床板珊瑚(埃姆斯期)→床板珊瑚、四射珊瑚和层孔虫(艾菲尔期)→层孔虫和四射珊瑚(吉维特期)→层孔虫(弗拉期)→菌藻类(法门期);(3)生物礁数量和规模在吉维特期出现峰值。研究表明:华南泥盆纪生物礁的发育受区域和全球性因素的共同制约,其中温度、大气中CO2分压(PCO2)和植被—森林生态系等全球性因素对华南泥盆纪生物礁有重要影响。Based on the data of the Devonian bioreefs, we compiled the distribution maps of the Early, Middle and Late Devonian bioreefs in South China. The earliest Devonian bioreefs appeared in the Late Emsinian. The spatiotemporal distribution of the Early, Middle and Late Devonian bioreefs shows that development of the Devonian bioreefs gradually migrated from the southwest to the northeast in South China. Their distribution and evolution are characterized by：（1）Different bioreefs have obviously different evolution processes. The greatest and second-greatest changes occurred in the shallow-water bioreef and platform marginal bioreef, respectively, while almost no changes occurred in deep-water bioreef during the Devonian. （2）The replacement of major reef-builders were obvious from the Early Devonian to the Late Devonian： Tabulate corals（Emsian） to tabulate and rugose corals and stromatoporoids（Eifelian） to rugose corals and stromatoporoids（Givetian） to rugose corals and stromatoporoids（Frasnian） to cyanobacteria（Famennian）.（3）Bioreefs reached apex in size and quantity during the Middle Devonian Givetian Age. The main controlling factors of the Devonian bioreefs in South China include both local and global factors. The former are considered to be transgression-regression cycles and terrigenous clastic supply. The latter are considered to be changes of paleotemperature, PCO2 and vegetation-forest ecosystem.

关 键 词：生物礁 泥盆纪 华南 演化 控制因素 

分 类 号：P534.44[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]