有机溶剂丙酮对固氮蓝藻生长效应的研究  

Effect of acetone on growth of nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae

作　　者：郑培忠[1] 沈健英[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2010年第2期18-24,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：医工合作项目(YG2009MS24)资助

摘　　要：采用分光光度法测定丙酮对2种常见固氮蓝藻——固氮鱼腥藻及水华鱼腥藻生长效应和光合色素的影响,探讨有机溶剂丙酮的水生生态毒性。结果表明:丙酮在高浓度(10%)时显著抑制2种藻的生长,对其生长速率、干重的改变明显;而在较低浓度(0.001%～1%)时,藻体生长所受影响较小,且随浓度的递减,表现出比对照更为优异的生长趋势,剂量-效应关系明显。丙酮在168 h对固氮鱼腥藻和水华鱼腥藻的EC_(50)分别为3.90%和4.80%,NOEC值分别为0.1%及0.3%,表明固氮鱼腥藻对丙酮更为敏感。另外,低浓度(0.001%～0.1%)丙酮对固氮蓝藻光合色素的影响不显著,当浓度达到1%时,藻体细胞内类胡萝卜素、藻红素、藻蓝素、别藻蓝素含量减少,在10%浓度时色素种类发生质的变化,表明高浓度丙酮对藻类毒性效应较大,而低浓度的刺激效应使藻类在自然环境中容易造成水华等问题。The effects of acetone on the growth and photosynthetic pigments of two species of common nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae Anabaena azotica and Anabaena flos-aquae were studied by spectrophotometry and the aquatic ecotoxicology of acetone was also investigated. The results showed that acetone significantly inhibited the growth of the two algae at a high concentration（10%）and obviously changed their growth rate and dry weight; but at a low concentration（0. 001% -1%）its effect on the algae was less. With the concentration decreasing,the algae displayed a better growth potential than those under natural conditions, and the dose-effect relationship was evident. The EC50 corresponding to the culture period of 168 h was 3.90% for A. azotica and 4.80% for A. flos-aquae,and the NOEC was 0.1% for A. azotica and 0.3% for A. flos-aquae,indicating that A. azotica was more sensitive to acetone than A. flos-aquae. The acetone of low concentration（0. 001% 40.1%）had not a significant effect on the photosynthetic pigments of the algae. When the concentration reached 1%, the carotenoid,phycoerythrin,phycocyanin and allophycocyanin contents reduced, and when the concentration was 10% the kinds of the photosynthetic pigments changed qualitatively,showing that a high concentration of acetone was detrimental to the growth of blue-green algae while a low concentration of acetone had a stimulating effect which usually made algae produce such problems as water bloom in natural environment.

关 键 词：固氮鱼腥藻 水华鱼腥藻 丙酮 生长速率 干重 光合色素 

分 类 号：Q935[生物学—微生物学]