兔输尿管部分梗阻后肾脏及肾血管的形态学研究  

Morphological Study of Kidney and Its Vessel in Rabbit after Partial Unilateral Ureter Obstruction

作　　者：李万强[1] 周小兵[1] 张杰[1] 彭珍山[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院泌尿外科,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《解剖与临床》2010年第3期168-172,共5页Anatomy and Clinics

基　　金：湖南省科技厅资助项目（2007FJ3009）

摘　　要：目的：观测输尿管部分梗阻动物模型肾的形态学变化。方法：健康成年新西兰兔48只，分为正常对照组12只，梗阻组36只。对后者采用改进的输尿管套管法，建立左侧输尿管部分梗阻动物模型，并设梗阻1周、2周、4周组，即01、02、04每组12只。每组分别行B超，静脉肾盂造影，肾动脉、肾盂肾盏铸型和组织学切片。结果：对照组和01、02、04肾盂容积分别为（0．39±0．05）cm^3、（3．42±0．31）cm^3、（8．22±1．00）cm^3、（11．03±0．39）cm^3，叶间动脉管径分别为（0．33±0．05）mm、（0．29±0．02）mm、（0．27±0．03）mm、（0．21±0．01）mm。梗阻组肾盏扩张，肾盏杯口变钝、变平，肾盂扩张、变形；肾小球萎缩，肾小管扩张，肾间质炎症细胞浸润和成纤维细胞增生。结论：输尿管部分梗阻导致的肾血管变化可能是肾实质萎缩的原因。Objective：To study the morphological changes of kidney after partial unilateral ureter obstruction. Methods： Animal model of partial unilateral ureter obstruction were made by the modified method of embedding plastic tube into ureter. Animals were divided into 4 groups according to normal and 1,2 and 4 weeks after operation. Ultrasound, intravenous pyelography, cast form of renal artery, renal pelvis and renal calices and tissue section were performed for 4 groups respectively. Results： Volume of renal pelvis were （ 0.39 ± 0.05 ） cm^3 , （ 3.42 ±0.31 ） cm^3, （ 8.22 ±1.00 ） cm^3 , （ 11.03± 0.39 ） cm^3 in normal and obstructive group respectively. Calibe of interlobar artery were （0.33±0.05 ） mm （ 0.29 ± 0.02 ） mm,（ 0.27 ± 0.03 ） mm . （ 0.21 ±0.01 ）mm in normal and obstructive group respectively. The renal calices and renal pelvis of the obstructed kidney are dilated progressively. It was observed that atrophy of renal glomerulus, expansion of renal tubule. The infiltration degree of the inflammatory cell and the fibroblast were aggravated. Conclusions： The morphological change of vessel of kidney in animal model of partial unilateral ureter obstruction partial may lead to atrophy of renal parenchyma.

关 键 词：肾 输尿管部分梗阻 肾积水 兔 动物模型 

分 类 号：R699.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]