短暂性局灶性脑缺血轴突损伤定量研究方法  

Quantitation assessment of axonal damage in transient focal cerebral ischemia

作　　者：王丽娟[1] 赵玉梅[2] 石学明[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京首都医科大学大兴医院,102600 [2]北京市神经外科研究所 [3]哈尔滨医科大学第一附属医院

出　　处：《脑与神经疾病杂志》2010年第3期216-220,共5页Journal of Brain and Nervous Diseases

摘　　要：目的阐明一种新的定量大鼠短暂性大脑中动脉阻塞后轴突损伤程度的研究方法。方法应用动脉腔内插线法制作短暂性局灶性脑缺血模型,并用免疫组织化学方法检测类淀粉样前体蛋白(APP),评估缺血24小时后的轴突损伤。检测大脑中动脉分布区65个轴突丰富的位置,每个位置轴突肿胀处APP阳性为1分,阴性为0分。将确定立体定位水平、神经解剖学位置上的每个分数相加总和,得到每个半球总的APP分数。结果在脑缺血区肿胀、变形的轴突处可检测到APP聚集。短暂性局灶性脑缺血后缺血侧半球总的APP分数和神经元核周体损伤体积分别为47.75±3.24和145.29±25.38mm3。缺血性损伤体积小的大鼠APP免疫反应增加也较小(P<0.01)。结论轴突易受局灶性缺血性损伤,白质和灰质都应受到保护。这种检测轴突缺血性损伤的形态学方法具有可重复性、灵活性、敏感性,可用于评估干预措施对白质病理变化的作用。Objective To demonstrate a new method for quantitation of axonal injury after transiently middle cerebral artery（MCA）occlusion in rats.Methods Focal ischemia was induced in rats by intraluminal thread placement transiently（for 2 hours）.At 24 hour after ischemia,axonal change was determined by amyloid precursor protein（APP）immunohistochemistry.Sixty-five axon-rich sites throughout the MCA territory were assessed for the presence（score 1）or absence（score 0）of accumulated APP in axonal swellings.Scores for individual sites were summated in predefined neuroantomic regions,stereotaxic levels or for a total hemisphere APP score.Results Amyloid precursor protein（APP）acdemulation was detected in deformed,swollen axons in zones of ischemia.The hemisphere total APP score and neuronal perikaryal damage were 47.75±3.24 and 145.29±25.38 mm3,respectively,in the transiently occluded animals.The hemisphere total APP scores were significantly lower in the rats with smaller volumes of neuronal perikaryal damage（P0.01）.Conclusion Cerebral white matter（axonal）is highly vulnerable to the effects of focal ischemia and its protection should be considered alongside that of grey matter.This generally applicable approach is described for assessing pathologic features in mylinated fiber tracts that is reproducible,flexible and sensitive for detection of relative alteration in white matter pathology with intervention strategies.

关 键 词：脑白质 脑缺血 类淀粉样前体蛋白 轴突 大鼠 

分 类 号：R743.32[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]