2005-2009年中国人禽流感(H5N1)病例流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Avian Influenza in China from 2005 to 2009

作　　者：向妮娟[1] 周蕾[1] 怀扬[1] 彭质斌[1] 冯录召[1] 廖巧红[1] 李中杰[1] 徐翠玲[2] 郑建东[1] 周航[1] 冯云霞[1] 贺娜雅[1] 叶敏[1] 舒跃龙[2] 余宏杰[1] 冯子健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心疾病控制与应急处理办公室,北京102206 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所国家流感中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第6期1070-1073,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解中国2005-2009年人禽流感(H5N1)病例的流行病学特征,为防控策略和措施的调整提供科学依据。方法以2005-2009年我国确诊的人禽流感病例为研究对象,分析病例的时间、空间和人群分布特点。结果 2005-2009年全国共确诊人禽流感病例38例,其中有2例为军队病例。2005-2006年冬春季和2009年初的人禽流感疫情有明显的报告发病高峰。病例分布在17个省份,前三位为安徽(5例)、湖南(5例)和福建(4例),占所有报告病例数的37%。病例的年龄中位数26岁(2～62岁),女性(53%)略多于男性。病死率为66%。感染来源主要是病死禽,活禽市场也是一个重要的感染危险因素,而人禽流感病例或隐性感染者作为传染源的意义很有限。结论人禽流感病例有较明显的季节分布特点,感染人群以50岁以下的青壮年为主,性别和职业分布无明显特点。病死禽和活禽市场暴露在我国人禽流感病例的发病中有重要意义。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human avian influenza cases from 2005 to 2009 in China,and to provide the scientific evidence for the future adjustment of preventive strategy and control measures.Methods we collected demographic and epidemiologic information of the human avian influenza cases from the reports of field epidemiological investigation and by using the standard case definition and extracting the data from a passive reporting surveillance system from 2005 to 2009 in China.Results A total of 38 cases,including 2 army cases,had been confirmed from 2005 to 2009.There were two obvious peaks,which happened in winter of 2005 to spring of 2006,and the early 2009.Seventeen provinces reported the cases and the top three were Anhui （5 cases）,Hunan （5 cases） and Fujian （4 cases） and by which 37% of the total cases were reported.The median age of the cases was 26 years old （ranged between 2 and 62 years）.Female cases （53%） were more than male cases.The case fatality rate was 66%.Sick or dead poultry was the main infection source and wet poultry market was also an important risk factor.Human avian influenza cases or asymptomatic infection showed a limited meaning in the human-to-human transmission of human avian influenza.Conclusions Human avian influenza shows the obvious seasonal distribution character and mainly infects the adults younger than 50 years old.The gender and occupation distribution has no obvious characteristics.Sick or dead poultry and wet poultry market are meaningful to the human infection of avian influenza.

关 键 词：人禽流感 流行病学特征 聚集性疫情 病死率 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]