骨代用品实验中兔股骨远端标准骨缺损模型的建立  

Application of the Critical Size Defect in the Distal Part of the Femur of Rabbits in the Animal Experiment of Bone Graft Substitutes

作　　者：韦从云[1,2] 周磊[1,2] 赖春花[1,2] 卢海宾[1,2] 王忠磊[1,2] 李少冰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属口腔医院 [2]广东省口腔医院,广东广州510280

出　　处：《广东牙病防治》2010年第6期304-308,共5页Journal of Dental Prevention and Treatment

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAI18BO6);广东省科技三项经费计划项目(2006B19901006)

摘　　要：目的探讨兔股骨远端标准骨缺损动物模型在骨代用品研究中应用的可行性及科学性,为组织工程研究理想动物模型提供新的思路。方法健康成年新西兰大白兔15只,双侧股骨远端制作直径6mm、深10mm骨缺损,随机分为2组。实验组12只,植入无机骨粉,分别于2、4、6、12周取材;空白对照组3只,不植入材料,于术后12周取材。行大体观察,放射学检查,兔股骨远端解剖学测量及组织学观察。结果动物模型稳定,未出现病理性骨折及术后感染。该模型可清楚显示骨代用品的成骨能力及降解特性;空白对照组骨缺损区边缘见少量新骨生成,未见骨连接形成。结论兔股骨远端干骺端骨缺损模型解剖部位固定,干骺线为术中重要参考标记;主要在松质骨区制作标准骨缺损,其空间是足够的;该动物模型可作为骨代用品用于大动物及临床前实验一种较理想的标准骨缺损模型。Objective To explore advantage of animal model in a critical size defect in distal part of the femur of adult female rabbits,as well as scientificity and feasibility in studying bone substitutes,thus to provide a new idea on an ideal animal model of tissue engineering.Methods Fifteen rabbits were applied to prepare for critical size defect in the bilaterally distal part of the femur,and then were randomized divided into two groups.The bone defect,6-mm diameter and 10-mm deep,was created on the bilaterally distal part of the femur.In experimental group （n=12） implanted DBM,the rabbits were sacrificed at weeks 2,4,6,12 respectively.The control group （n=3） with no treatment were sacrificed at 12 weeks.The osteogenic properties and its resorption or degradation of bone graft substitute were observed generally as well as by CT observation,anatomical measurement and tissue slice observation.Results The animal model is reliable,and there is no sign of fracture after operation.The osteogenic properties and its resorption or degradation of bone graft substitute can be observed clearly in experimental group.In the blank control defects,bone healing remained on the edges,but did not bridge.Conclusion The animal model has an obviously anatomical properties.It has been shown that metaphyseal line and lateral border of facies patellaris may regard as critical reference mark in intra-operation.There is amount of cancellous bone in the distal part of the femur of rabbits.The CSD is mainly located in the area of cancellous bone.This study shows that a ideal critical bone defect in the distal part of the femur of adult female rabbits should be preferred for testing bone graft substitutes before preclinical implantation in large animals.

关 键 词：骨缺损 股骨远端 动物模型 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]