三峡水库高岚河2008年夏季蓝藻水华暴发分析  

Analysis of Cyanobacteria Bloom in the Gaolan River in Three Gorges Reservoir in Summer of 2008

作　　者：杨霞[1] 马骏[1] 张岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,443002

出　　处：《灾害与防治工程》2010年第1期52-60,共9页Disaster and Control Engineering

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAB29B09);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项子课题(2008ZX07104-004);国家自然科学基金项目(50679038)

摘　　要：2008年6～7月,三峡水库香溪河支流高岚河暴发严重的蓝藻水华。根据实际监测的数据,对6月19日～7月30日高岚河的营养盐、水文水动力、气象等因子进行分析,研究高岚河夏季蓝藻水华暴发过程及消退的主要影响因子。结果表明:监测期间,高岚河连续暴发两次蓝藻水华,6月20日和7月7日表层叶绿素a浓度分别达到1 267.2 mg/m^3和120.0 mg/m^3。营养盐TN、TP平均值分别为2.96 mg/L和0.09 mg/L,远超过富营养化暴发的阈值。适合蓝藻生长的气温和水温的变化范围分别为17～33℃和24.8～29.1℃;水下光强为0.1～51 300lx。相关分析表明,第一次水华消退期,叶绿素a与总氮、总磷的相关系数分别为0.782(P=0.002)和0.845(P=0.001),第二次水华消退期,叶绿素a与流速的相关系数为-0.692(P=0.006)。水华暴发后期,降雨较为频繁,来流量增大,同时水体流速增大,并且绝大部分表现为流出高岚河,这可能是导致水华消退的主要原因之一。Nutrients,flow velocity,meteorological factors etc.were continuously monitored at Gaolan river in Three Gorges Reservoir（TGR） from June 19 to July 30,2008 in order to study the course of Cyanobacteria bloom and the main impact factors for its die out.The result showed that two serious Cyanobacteria blooms broke out during the monitoring period,especially the concentration of chlorophyll-a in the surface water were as high as 1 267.2 mg/m^3 and 120.0 mg/m^3 respectively on June 20 and July 7.During the course of Cyanobacteria bloom,the air and underwater temperature changed respectively from 17℃ to 33℃ and 24.8-29.1℃,which were both suitable for the growth of Cyanobacteria. And the light intensity under the water ranged 0.1-51 300 lx.The nutrients TN？？TP were both much higher than the international criterion for algal blooms.Partial correlation analysis showed that TP and TN had significant correlation with the surface chlorophyll-a for 0.782 and 0.845 respectively in the first regression period.In the later period of the Cyanobacteria bloom,with the frequent rainfall in the area,the water flew in the Gaolan river more fast,which could transport some algae phytoplankton outside and led the Cyanobacteria bloom finally dissipated.

关 键 词：三峡水库 高岚河 蓝藻水华 水文水动力 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]