北半球夏季对流层顶气压与气温的年(代)际变率与趋势分析  

INTERANNUAL/INTERDECADAL VARIABILITIES AND TREND IN THE TROPOPAUSE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE FIELDS DURING BOREAL SUMMER

作　　者：朱保林[1,2] 管兆勇[2] 程智[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象局,云南昆明650034 [2]南京信息工程大学/江苏省气象灾害重点实验室江苏,南京210044 [3]安徽省气象局安徽,合肥230031

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2010年第3期364-370,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础发展计划(2010CB428602);国家自然科学基金项目(40675025)资助

摘　　要：利用NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均资料,研究了1979—2002年夏季全球对流层顶气压和气温的分布特征与变化趋势。选取了夏季北半球对流层顶年(代)际变率最大区域来定义气压指数和气温指数。分析结果表明:(1)全球对流层顶气压和气温在北半球随纬度的增加而增大,在南半球随纬度先增大再减小,而在整个热带地区对流层顶气压和气温的分布则较为均匀。(2)全球平均的对流层顶气压和气温在分析时段内呈减小趋势,但在中高纬度地区对流层顶气压和气温存在大范围增大现象,表明二者的趋势并不是全球一致的。(3)对流层顶年(代)际变率最大值出现在北半球的中纬度地区和南半球的副热带及高纬度地区,最小值则出现在热带地区。气压指数和气温指数显示出准10年和准3～5年周期。Using the monthly mean tropopause pressure and temperature data from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis from 1979 through to 2002,we investigated both the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of the summertime tropopause.The tropopause pressure index is defined as the areal average over the region where the tropopause pressure variability reaches its maximum.The tropopause temperature index is defined in a similar way as the tropopause pressure index.Results demonstrated that both the tropopause pressure and temperature increase poleward,in general,in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere during boreal summer,except in latitudes higher than 45 oS where both the tropopause pressure and temperature decrease poleward.Both the air pressure and temperature at tropopause distribute uniformly in tropics rather than in extratropics.Both the global mean tropopause pressure and temperature have been decreasing since 1979,indicating that the tropopause has been moving higher and higher.However,the tropopause pressure and temperature increase with time goes on in most part of the middle and high latitudes,showing the complicated behavior of the tropopause variations.The tropopause variability reaches its maximum in the middle latitudes in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere respectively,whereas the tropopause variability reaches its minimum in tropical regions.The periodicities as reflected in the pressure and temperature indices are dominantly 10 years and 3～5 years.

关 键 词：气候学 年(代)际变率 小波分析 趋势 对流层顶 

分 类 号：P423.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]