三峡水库不平衡泥沙输移规律  

Non-equilibrium sediment transport in the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：董年虎[1,2] 方春明[3] 曹文洪[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所,北京100048

出　　处：《水利学报》2010年第6期653-658,共6页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB05B00)

摘　　要：通过观测资料分析与数学模型模拟,研究了三峡水库在大水深强不平衡条件下非均匀沙输沙规律。研究说明,三峡工程蓄水运用后,洪水以重力波的形式传播作用明显,寸滩站至黄陵庙站的悬沙输移时间比洪水传播时间滞后较多,考虑洪水的非恒定过程使计算水库泥沙淤积有所增加。三峡水库细颗粒泥沙不仅淤积比大,且不同粒径对计算结果影响不大,如不考虑絮凝作用,难以用不平衡输沙理论解释。考虑絮凝作用后,模拟三峡水库出库含沙量过程与观测良好,从侧面说明三峡水库可能存在絮凝现象,此问题值得进一步深入研究。Based on field data analysis and mathematical model simulation,the non-equilibrium sediment transport law in the Three Gorges Reservoir under large water depth was studied.It is revealed that,after the reservoir was put into operation,the flood propagates in the form of gravity wave,and the suspended sediment transported from the Cuntan to Huanglingmiao is lagged behind the flood for a long time.By considering the unsteady flood process,the calculated sediment deposited in the reservoir is more than that predicted in the past.Most fine sediment particles are deposited in the reservoir and the different percentage of particles in size does not obviously change the calculation result.This phenomenon can not be explained by non-equilibrium sediment transport theory if the flocculatiou is not considered.When flocculation of fine sediment is taken into account,the simulated reservoir outlet concentration is in good agreement with observation data.It implies that the flocculation may exist in the reservoir and further study on this phenomenon is needed.

关 键 词：三峡工程 非恒定流 泥沙絮凝 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]