硅营养缓解水稻幼苗Cd、Cr毒害的生理研究  

PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON POISONING EFFECTS OF Cd AND Cr ON RICE( Oryza sativa L.)SEEDLINGS THROUGH INHIBITION OF Si NUTRITION

作　　者：周建华[1] 王永锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院生物科学与技术系

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》1999年第1期11-15,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：广州省科委两系法杂交水稻利用;研究联合攻关项目

摘　　要：两系法杂交稻“培杂山青”和常规稻“双桂３６”幼苗经较高浓度的Ｃｄ２＋（ｃ＝９．６～３８．４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或Ｃｒ３＋（ｃ＝７．５～２５．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）处理可使其叶片光合速率、叶绿素（ａ＋ｂ）含量、叶绿素ａ／ｂ比值、叶片可溶性糖、淀粉及可溶性蛋白质含量降低，而叶片的ＰＯＤ活性提高；低浓度Ｃｄ２＋（ｃ＝４．８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和Ｃｒ３＋（ｃ＝２．５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）处理幼苗对上述生理指标有提高作用，但ＰＯＤ活性稍降低．加Ｓｉ（Ｎａ２ＳｉＯ３）［ｃ（ＳｉＯ２）＝１．３３１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ］的Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ处理比不加Ｓｉ的Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ处理的幼苗叶片上述生理指标明显提高，且明显降低其ＰＯＤ活性．说明Ｓｉ在不同程度上起到缓解Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ对水稻幼苗的毒害作用．而ｃ（Ｃｒ３＋）＝２５．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ是“双桂３６”The photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll (a+b), chlorophyll a/b ratio and contents of soluble sugar, starch, as well as soluble protein in the seedling leaves of two-line hybrid rice (F 1) 'Pei-Za-Shan-Qing' (PZSQ) and rice cultiva 'Shuang-Gui-36' (SG-36) were decreased, but their leaf peroxidase (POD) was rapidly increased by treating with Cd 2+ at the concentration of 9.6～38.4 μ mol/L or Cr 3+ 7.5～25.0 μ mol/L, respectively. Otherwise somewhat low concentrating Cd 2+ 4.8 μ mol/L and Cr 3+ 2.5 μ mol/L can rather increase the seedling’s above leaf physiological traits and inhibit the POD activity. The leaf physiology was markedly increased and POD activity markedly lowered by adding Si [ c (SiO 2)=1.331 mmol/L] to the treatments of Cd 2+ and Cr 3+ . It indicated that the Si nutrition played an important role in inhibition of the poisoning from treated Cd and Cr. Two-line hybrid rice “PZSQ”(F 1) has higher tolerance to poisoning Cr 3+ 25.0 μ mol/L, but “SG-36” was not done.

关 键 词：CD CR 叶片生理 毒害作用 水稻 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]