基于含沙量等值线的迷宫流道结构抗堵塞设计与模拟  

Anti-clogging experimental investigation and optimized design of micro-channels of emitter based on isoline of sand content

作　　者：牛文全[1,2] 吴普特[1,2] 喻黎明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心,杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第5期14-20,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2006AA100214);科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD38B07)资助

摘　　要：以提高迷宫流道灌水器的抗堵塞能力为目的,以齿型流道结构的灌水器为主要研究对象,首先应用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics)二相流模拟方法分析了迷宫流道灌水器的水力性能,重点模拟了含沙量在流道内的分布规律,提出了以较小的含沙量等值线为流道边界对流道进行优化设计的方法,通过对2次优化后的流道结构进行二相流数值模拟,发现优化后流道的含沙量分布较原型流道的含沙量分布更加均匀,大量固体颗粒集中在进出口附近流道单元壁面的现象基本消除,流道优化设计后灌水器的抗堵塞性能得到显著改善。其次,对优化结果进行了标准化设计,制作了原型与标准化模型片式滴头,生产了测试滴灌带。最后,分别对2种滴头进行了水力性能测试与抗堵塞试验,验证了数值模拟结果。结果表明:以较小的含沙量等值线作为流道基本边界进行流道抗堵塞优化设计与标准化设计获得的流道,保持了原型流道的优良水力性能,改善了抗堵塞性能,使用寿命是原型的2倍。Emitter with tooth-labyrinth paths was main research subject.The distribution law of sand content and hydraulic performance of emitter were analyzed by CFD（computational fluid dynamics）two-phase simulation technology firstly.The optimal design method of labyrinth paths was proposed that the lesser isoline of sand content was regarded as the borderline of labyrinth paths.According to the results of two-phase CFD simulation on the optimal structure,the sand content of labyrinth paths by optimized was more uniform than before,the phenomenon of a large number of solid particles concentrated on the surface near the entrance and exit of labyrinth paths was basically eliminated,the anti-clogging performance of emitter was significantly improved.Secondly,based on optimized structure,a standardization optimized structure was designed,the prototype structure emitters and the standardization optimized emitters were produced by mould.Finally,hydraulic performance of tooth-labyrinth paths and distribution of sand were tested by combined CFD simulation and period clogging experiment.Accuracy of sand distribution with CFD simulation was tested with short period clogging experiment.The results showed that the emitter by anti-clogging optimal design with the lesser isoline of sand content as the borderline of labyrinth paths maintained the previous excellent hydraulic performance,its anti-clogging performance was significantly improved from prototype structure,the life was twice as prototype structure.

关 键 词：微流道 优化 二相流 计算流体力学 迷宫流道 抗堵塞 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]