典型生物质颗粒燃料燃烧特性试验  

Experimental study on combustion and emission characteristics of biomass pellets

作　　者：罗娟[1,2] 侯书林[1] 赵立欣[2] 孟海波[2] 田宜水[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]农业部规划设计研究院,北京100125

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第5期220-226,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业部引进国际先进农业科学技术项目(2008G2);农业科技成果转化资金项目:生物质固体成型燃料生产工艺与成套设备成果转化(2008GB23260384)

摘　　要：为研究生物质颗粒燃料的燃烧特性及污染物排放特性,该文以国外引进的生物质颗粒燃料燃烧器为试验装置,选择了8种典型的生物质颗粒燃料进行试验研究。试验结果表明,挥发份含量越高,含水率越低,生物质颗粒燃料所需的点火时间越短,SO2、NOx等污染物排放质量浓度远低于国家标准,但存在着部分生物质颗粒燃料灰分含量过大、结渣严重等问题。对大多数颗粒燃料来说,软化温度越高,结渣率越低,当软化温度超过1389℃时,不会发生结渣;Si元素、碱金属元素含量越高,越容易结渣,碱土金属元素含量越高,越抗结渣。玉米秸中Si的质量分数为27.70%,底灰结渣率达到48.84%,落叶松中Si的质量分数仅为9.76%,不结渣;使用添加剂后,玉米秸的底灰结渣率降低了22.77%。这将为设计适合中国国情的生物质颗粒燃料燃烧设备及改善燃料的燃烧性能提供依据。To study the combustion and emission characteristics of biomass pellets,eight kinds of typical pellets were chosen to be investigated with an imported biomass pellet fuel burners using as experimental device in this study.The results indicated that the more the volatile matter and moisture in the biomass pellets,the shorter the igniting time.The pollutants such as SO2,NOx and so on were far below the national standard.But there were some problems existed for several pellets,such as the ash content was too large,the slagging was too seriously.For most kinds of pellets,the higher the content of chemical elements like Si and the alkali metal group in biomass pellets,the easier to form slag;and the higher content of alkaline earth metal group,the harder to form slag.For example,the content of Si in corn straw was 27.70%,and the clinkering rate of bottom ash was 48.84%.However,the content of Si in corn straw was only 9.76% with no slagging.When adding additives,the clinkering rate of bottom ash of corn-straw-pellets fell 22.77%.So it could provide the basis data for improving and designing the burning equipments of biomass pellet that adapt to the situation in China.

关 键 词：生物质颗粒燃料 燃烧器 燃烧 污染物 结渣 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]