施药条件对施药者体表污染的影响  

Effect of spraying conditions on dermal exposures

作　　者：迟明梅[1] 宋坚利[2] 曾爱军[2] 刘亚佳[2] 宋卫堂[2] 张录达[2] 何雄奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学理学院,北京100193

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第5期276-282,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BADA03;2006BAD02A16);国家自然科学基金项目(30971940);农业部农药化学与应用技术重点开放实验室支持项目

摘　　要：该文主要研究了在夏季高温季节使用3WS-16型手动喷雾器和WFB-18AC型机动喷雾器施药对施药者体表的农药污染情况及影响施药者体表污染的主要施药条件。结果表明:使用手动喷雾器,左手、右手、右上臂和右前臂污染较多;使用机动喷雾器,左上臂和左前臂污染较多;施药者体表主要污染部位与次要污染部位间具有高度的线性相关;施药机具和喷头流量、作业环境、作物因素和施药方式等单因素均影响施药者体表污染;单因素交互作用后,风速和作物高度是影响施药者体表污染的主要因素。此研究结果对于改进施药技术,减少施药者体表污染具有实际的应用价值。This is mainly about the research on dermal exposures and primary spraying conditions influencing dermal exposures during spraying applications with the knapsack sprayer（3WS-16）and the motorized knapsack sprayer（WFB-18AC）in summer when the temperature was high.The results indicated that right hand,left hand,right upper arm and right forearm were more polluted with knapsack sprayers,while the correspondence parts were left upper arm and left forearm with power sprayers;There were highly linear correlation between the major pollutions and the secondary pollutions;Dermal exposures were affected by sprayer,nozzle flow,operating environments,crop conditions and spraying mode;And the wind and crop height were primary influence factors after the single factor interactions.The results were availability in practice application of improving the spraying technology and reducing dermal exposures.

关 键 词：农药 聚类分析 区别分析 信度分析 回归分析 体表污染 典型相关分析 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]