汉川市农村不同类型留守儿童心理健康状况分析  

Mental Health of the Left-behind Children in Different Types in Rural Hanchuan

作　　者：王树明[1] 邓德红[1] 周昭红[1] 舒端[1] 郑同刚[1] 郑念祥[1] 张连生[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省汉川市疾病预防控制中心,431600 [2]武汉科技大学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2010年第6期651-653,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2009年湖北省卫生厅科研项目(编号:JX4C35)

摘　　要：目的了解不同类型父母外出打工的差异对留守儿童心理健康的影响,为开展健康干预提供理论依据。方法运用多阶段随机分层抽样方法 ,抽取汉川市6所中小学生2548名(留守儿童1284名,非留守儿童1264名),使用SCL-90心理健康测量量表比较组间差异。结果不同打工类型的留守儿童焦虑和敌对因子得分差异有统计学意义。父母均外出打工的留守儿童,在抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等因子及总分、总症状指数、阳性项目数、阳性症状痛苦水平均高于非留守儿童,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。父亲外出打工的留守儿童,焦虑、敌对、精神病性因子的得分显著低于父母双方均外出打工的留守儿童。母亲外出打工的留守儿童,阳性症状痛苦水平高于非留守儿童(P<0.05);焦虑、敌对因子得分低于父母双方均外出打工的留守儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。能主动向老师倾诉心事的留守儿童比例低于2%。结论父母双方外出打工对留守儿童会造成心理上的伤害,如有一方家长在家作为抚养人(特别是母亲),对留守儿童心理健康成长是有利的。Objective To explore the effects of parents on the left-behind children in the countryside,so as to provide evidence for improving their mental health.Methods By using stratified sampling,2 548 students were chosen from 6 primary and middle schools in Hanchuan.They were investigated with SCL-90.Results For anxiety and hostility,the scores were remarkably different among the parent migrant-work types.For the factors of depression,anxiety,hostility,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation and psychoticism,the left-behind children without parents at home scored remarkably higher than those with parents at home.For the factors of anxiety and hostility and psychoticism,the scores for left-behind children with mother at home scored remarkably lower than those without parents at home.For the factors of anxiety and hostility,the scores for left-behind children with father at home were remarkably lower than those without parents at home.Conclusion Parents working outside will do harm to the left-behind children.If one of parents at home as foster parents （especially mothers）,it is benefit to left-behind children＇s mental health.

关 键 词：精神卫生 对比研究 学生 农村人口 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]