上海城区儿童青少年呼吸道疾病患病情况调查  

Prevalence of Respiratory Symptoms and Diseases Among Children and Adolescent in Urban Shanghai

作　　者：钮春瑾[1] 吴金贵[1] 庄祖嘉[1] 卢国良[1] 唐传喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心,200051

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2010年第6期708-710,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解上海城区儿童青少年呼吸道疾病患病和症状检出率,为呼吸道疾病的预防和控制提供依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群抽样方法 ,抽取上海城区16所中小学和幼儿园共6551名学生,应用修订的美国胸科协会(AST)推荐的《儿童呼吸系统疾病调查问卷》调查常见呼吸道疾病和症状的检出情况。结果儿童青少年持续咳嗽、持续咳痰、喘息、喘息样症状的检出率分别为8.6%,4.4%,7.1%和2.7%,哮喘、哮喘现患、支气管炎的患病率分别为4.5%,1.9%和1.8%。持续咳嗽检出率及哮喘、哮喘现患、支气管炎患病率各年龄组间存在一定的差异,低年龄组高于高年龄组(P<0.05);除支气管炎外,其他呼吸道症状检出率与疾病患病率均为男生高于女生(P值均<0.05);儿童居住在内环、中环的持续咳痰、喘息、哮喘、哮喘现患、支气管炎均高于外环(P值均<0.05)。结论上海城区儿童青少年呼吸道疾病患病和症状检出率存在年龄、性别和地区差异,低年龄组高于高年龄组,男性高于女性,城区内环、中环高于外环。Objective To survey the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and illnesses among children and adolescent,and to provide the data for prevention and control of respiratory illnesses.Methods By stratified cluster sample,the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and illnesses was determined.Using standardized questionnaires,6 551 children and adolescent among 16 schools in 3 urban areas in Shanghai were investigated.Results The prevalence of persistent cough,persistent phlegm,wheeze,wheeze symptom,asthma,current asthma and bronchitis in them was 8.6%,4.4%,7.1%,2.7%,4.5%,1.9% and 1.8%,respectively.There were differences in prevalence of most common respiratory illness in age（P0.05）.The prevalence of male children was slightly higher than that of female children except bronchitis（P0.05）,the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and disease in children and adolescent was declining trend with increasing of age,the prevalence of children whose residential area were in internal and middle city was higher than external city（P0.05）.Conclusion The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases are higher in lower age,male,residential area in internal,middle urban area.

关 键 词：呼吸道疾病 患病率 体征和症状 对比研究 青少年 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]