广西农村学校饮用水与环境卫生设施现状调查  

Currant Situation of Drinking Water and Sanitation Facility in Guangxi Rural School

作　　者：钟格梅[1] 唐振柱[1] 刘展华[1] 黎勇[1] 黄柯[1] 黄江平[1] 李裕利[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁530028

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2010年第6期711-712,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅计划课题(编号:Z2007025);中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心资助项目

摘　　要：目的了解广西农村学校饮用水与环境卫生设施现状,为制定改善农村学校卫生设施办法提供科学依据。方法根据调查内容统一制订调查方案,采用分层抽样方法 ,在广西境内抽取不同区域、不同经济发展水平6个县的农村学校进行饮用水与环境卫生现状调查,并对60所学校管理者进行饮用水与环境卫生设施需求访谈。应用Access数据库进行数据管理,用SPSS13.0软件包进行统计分析。结果 6县共有农村学校1561所,其中有供水设施的学校占62.40%,学校集中式供水覆盖率为35.88%,卫生厕所普及率为38.37%,只有30.88%的学校有洗手设施,49.07%的学校有垃圾收集设施,91.35%的学校有污水排放设施。访谈结果显示,所有受访者均认为学校对供水与卫生厕所建设有需求;有超过50%的受访者认为需要健康教育课师资,以加强学生健康素质的培养;有50%以上的受访者对饮用水水源防护、消毒以及粪便无害化处理等知识认识不足或缺乏。结论需完善农村学校供水、卫生厕所、洗手和垃圾处理设施,加强学校管理者的饮用水、环境卫生和卫生促进等培训。Objective To know the current situation of drinking water and sanitation facility in Guangxi rural schools,and to provide the scientific evidence for rural school water and sanitation improvement.Methods The stratified sampling method was used to selected 1 561 schools from 6 counties in different regions and economic levels.The current situation on rural school drinking water and sanitation facility were investigated.The managers from 60 rural schools were interviewed to know the needs on rural water and sanitation.Results There were 1 561 rural schools in those 6 counties.Thereinto,62.40% of them had drinking water supply facility.The coverage of centralized water supply was 35.88%,and the coverage of sanitary latrine was 38.37%.The holding rate of hand washing facility was only 30.88%.About 49.07% of them had garbage collection facility and 91.35% of them had sewage cloaca system.The results from interview showed that all the interviewees thought it was necessary for rural school to construct drinking water and sanitation facility,more than half of them thought they needed the health education teachers,and at same time,more than half of them were lack of knowledge on water source protection,disinfection and harmless and sanitary excreta treatment.Conclusion It is necessary to improve rural school water supply,sanitary latrine,hand washing and garbage treatment facilities.At same time,it should be strengthened to conduct drinking water,sanitation and hygiene promotion training for the school managers.

关 键 词：饮水 环境卫生 卫生设施 农村卫生 学生保健服务 

分 类 号：R123.5[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R12[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]