利用纵波探头测定层状岩石的弹性常数  

Elastic constants of foliated rock by use of P-wave probes

作　　者：张百红[1] 张秀勇[2] 钟传利 张后全[4] 

机构地区：[1]徐州工程学院土木工程学院,江苏徐州221008 [2]东南大学交通学院,江苏南京210096 [3]山东龙信达咨询监理有限公司,山东济南250013 [4]中国矿业大学建筑工程学院,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2010年第6期861-866,共6页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50804046);徐州工程学院重点资助课题(xky2007238)

摘　　要：测量了2种岩块的垂直和平行于层理面两个方向的超声波速,数据表明平行于层理面方向及其法线方向具有很明显的波速各向异性,即平行于层理面方向的波速各方向数值近似相等且大于垂直于层理面方向波速。基于此,建立层状岩石的横观各向同性介质模型。根据横观各向同性介质波动理论,结合波速、波幅的变化规律分析,通过纵波探头平测法,测试了有较大平面的岩块横波在层理面内的偏振波速。在椭圆近似假设的基础上,即声波的横向的各向同性,其他方向各向异性以及纵横向之间按椭圆规律变化,简化了关于横向各向同性岩石动力参数的计算,得到了仅利用纵波探头测量4种波速即可近似地反演出横向各向同性岩石5个独立参数的结论。这对层状的岩体中的工程动力计算有其积极意义。The ultrasonic velocities of two cubic specimens are measured along the horizontal and vertical directions of bedding planes.The measurements reveal that the bedding of the rocks induces clear velocity anisotropy between two orthogonal directions.The wave relocity is faster along the bedding plane than that across the plane in most rock types.A transversely isotropic medium model is established for the rocks.According to the theory of wave crack,the variation rules of wave speed and amplitude,by use of the compressional-wave probe,the polarizing wave speed of rock with large plane is obtained.On the basis of oval hypotheses,isotropy along the bedding direction,anisotropy along other directions and oval change between horizontal and vertical directions,the calculation of dynamic parameters is simplified.A conclusion is drawn that only four kinds of wave speeds are measured by use of P-wave probes to approximately perform inversion of the five parameters of rock with isotropy.It is valuable for the dynamic calculation of rock engineering.

关 键 词：层状岩石 超声波 纵波探头 动弹性常数 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]