人椅系统肢体气动特性数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of limb aerodynamic characteristics for the ejection seat and occupant

作　　者：魏涛[1] 张大林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空宇航学院,南京210016

出　　处：《计算力学学报》2010年第3期556-562,共7页Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics

摘　　要：为了研究弹射过程中人体肢体气动特性和高速气流防护装置的有效性,采用有限体积方法数值求解Navier-Stokes方程,空间和时间离散分别采用中心格式和五步龙格库塔格式,并应用基于SA紊流模型DES方法,数值模拟了人椅系统马赫数在0.6、雷诺数在12.3×106、迎角在-90°~90°范围内的气动特性,计算结果与风洞试验结果较为吻合。在此基础上对比模拟了马赫数在0.8~2.0、雷诺数在（6.75~13.85）×106、迎角在5°~30°范围内,有、无防护下人体肢体的气动特性。结果表明限臂板、抬腿机构和导流挡板等高速气流防护装置在保护肢体的同时,也产生一些不利干扰。因此,在实际应用中,应优化设计,最大程度发挥高速气流防护装置的作用。In order to investigate the effectiveness of windblast protective devices and limb aerodynamic characteristics in the process of shooting.The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved by the finite volume method.Central difference scheme is used for spatial discretisation and five-stage Runge-Kutta scheme is applied for temporal discretisation.The Detached-Eddy Simulation（DES） based on Spalart-Allmaras（SA） one equation turbulence model was applied to simulate the aerodynamic characteristics of the shooting seat and person at Mach number 0.6,at Re number of 12.3×106 and the angles of attack varied from-90 to 90 degrees.The results are in good agreement with the wind tunnel experiment results.Then,the limb aerodynamic characteristics were simulated with and without windblast protective devices for Re number of（6.75～13.85）×106,at Mach number ranging from 0.8 to 2.0 and the angles of attack from 5 to 30 degrees.The comparison results show that arm paddles,leg lifters and wind deflector could protect limb,while also bring some unfavorable effects.Consequently,in practice,windblast protective devices should be optimum designed and improved to the best.

关 键 词：弹射救生 数值模拟 DES方法 气流吹袭 防护装置 气动特性 

分 类 号：V244.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]