一起学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的调查分析  

An influenza A(H1N1) outbreak in a college,2009,Guangxi

作　　者：沈智勇[1] 吕良勇[2] 吴德仁[1] 郑超[3] 谢平[1] 梁健[1] 罗华初[1] 吴伟翠[1] 许承宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]北海市疾病预防控制中心,广西536000 [2]北海出入境检验检疫局 [3]北海艺术设计职业学院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2010年第6期562-565,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：北海市科学研究与技术开发项目(200901-02)

摘　　要：目的调查分析一起学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的原因和特征,为今后预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法对流感暴发群体进行现场流行病学调查,采集患者咽拭子检测病毒核酸。统计学处理采用SPSS 13.0统计学软件进行统计学分析,率的比较用χ2检验,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本起159例病例中男性62.9%、女性27.3%,98.7%为来自全国18个省市刚入学学生;集中军训的新生罹患率为14.0%,不军训的老生为1.7%;患者甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性期为症状出现后7~15 d;密切接触者发病率为6%~75%,平均37%;所有患者临床表现为轻症病例,经对症治疗或适当休息后全部痊愈;采取隔离为主的综合控制措施7 d后疫情平息。结论本起H1N1流感暴发疫情主要是因人群近距离密切接触传播引起,采取严格管理传染源,切断传播途径对控制疫情十分有效。Objective To explore the causes and characteristics of an influenza A（H1N1）outbreak in a college of Guangxi and provide scientific evidence for the disease control and prevention.Methods Field epidemiologic investigations were done among population in the college and pharyngeal swabs were tested to confirm influenza A（H1N1） infection.Results 98.7%（male 62.9%,female 37.1%） of the influenza A cases were new-enrolled students,who joined the college from 18 provinces.The incidence rates were 14.0% and 1.7% for new-enrolled and the other students respectively.The incidence rates of cases were ranged from 6% to 75%（average 37%）for students with close contact with influenza patients.The viral nucleic acid were tested positive in 7-15 days following the onset of illness.All patients showed only mild symptoms and recovered after appropriate medication or rest.The outbreak was over in 7 days after implementing isolation and the other intervention measures.Conclusion The risk of influenza came from close contact with patients.The isolation of patients and the prevention of transmission were efficient in the control of influenza outbreak.

关 键 词：学校 甲型H1N1流感 暴发 调查 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]