二甲基甲酰胺作业工人皮肤污染量研究  

Investigation on dermal contamination among workers occupationally exposed to dimethylformamide

作　　者：刘丹华[1] 唐红芳[1] 徐承敏[1] 柴剑荣[1] 吴昊[1] 李文琛[2] 钱亚玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省医学科学院卫生学研究所,杭州310013 [2]天津大学材料科学与工程学院

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2010年第6期433-435,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：基金项目：浙江省科技厅项目（2006F12036）;浙江省卫生厅科学研究基金（20068004）

摘　　要：目的建立二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）接触工人皮肤污染量的测定方法，并对DMF接触工人皮肤污染情况进行研究。方法选择不同岗位的37名DMF接触工人，随机分成异丙醇组（16人）和去离子水组（21人），分别以异内醇和去离子水为擦拭溶剂，采用气相色谱法测定DMF的皮肤污染量，同时测定工人班末尿中甲基甲酰胺（NMF）含量，并对皮肤污染总量与尿中NMF进行相关分析。结果异丙醇组均能检测出DMF含量，去离子水组均未检出DMF，样品图谱中其他杂峰与DMF峰能完全分离，无干扰。湿法岗位工人皮肤污染总量最高[（2．84±1．31）mg]，后处理岗位[（2．50±0．95）mg]和干法岗位[（1．95±0．61）mg]次之，后处理三版印刷、干法配料和湿法配料岗位工人经呼吸道累积接触剂量分别为351．3、201．3、135．2mg。3个岗位空气中DMF平均浓度为60．2、89．6、156．4mg/m^3，皮肤DMF污染总量与尿中NMF无明显相关，差异无统计学意义（r=0．176，P〉0．05）。结论异丙醇是测定DMF皮肤污染较有效的擦拭溶剂；当工作场所空气中DMF浓度高于职业接触限值时，DMF以呼吸道吸收为主要途径，但其皮肤吸收也不容忽视。Objective To establish a method for the determination of dimethylformamide （DMF） and investigate dermal contamination and absorption among workers occupationally exposed to DMF. Method 37 workers exposed to DMF were divided randomly into two groups. DMF was washed down by isopropyl alcohol in A group（ 16 workers ） and water in B group （21 workers ）.Gas chromatography was used for the quantification of dermal contamination and N-methylformamide（NMF） in urine, correlative study was done between them. Results DMF could be detected in all samples in A group, but could not be deteeted in B group. The miscellaneous peaks could be completely separated from the DMF peak in the sample spectrum, without matual inference. The highest degree of total dermal contamination was observed in wet spinning workshop[ （2.84±1.31 ） mg], postprocessing workshop[（2.50±0.95 ） mg] and dry. spinning workshop[（ 1.95±0.61 ） mg] were lower. The respiratory cumulative exposure dosages were 351.3,201.3 and 135.2 mg respectively. The average DMP con- centration in air of the third printing processing workshop, the dry spiming workshop and the wet spinning workshop was 60.2, 89.6, 156.4 mg/m^3 respectively, and the respiratory tract contamination in the workers of the three workshops were 135.2, 201.3 and 351.3 mg respectively. There was statistical independence between the quantification of total dermal contamiuation and NMF in urine （r=0.176,P〉0.05）. Conclusion Isopropyl alcohol is the effective washing solvent.When the concentration of DMF in workplace air is above the occupational exposure limit , respiratory tract absorption is the principal pathway of DMF absorption,but dermal contamination of DMF should not be ignored.

关 键 词：二甲基甲酰胺 皮肤 职业暴露 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]