水稻地上部干物质积累动态的定量模拟  

Dry matter accumulation in rice aboveground part:Quantitative simulation

作　　者：李艳大[1] 汤亮[1] 陈青春[1] 张玉屏[1,2] 曹卫星[1] 朱艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学江苏省信息农业高技术研究重点实验室,南京210095 [2]中国水稻研究所,杭州310006

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第6期1504-1510,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-08-0797);国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA10Z219;2007AA10Z219;2007AA10Z225);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB118608);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2009307)资助

摘　　要：选用4个不同株型水稻品种进行不同施氮水平的田间试验,于主要生育期测定植株地上部干物质积累量(DMA),并对DMA及出苗至成熟期累积辐热积(TEP)进行归一化处理,建立了基于相对DMA(RDMA)和相对TEP(RTEP)的水稻相对干物质积累(RDMA)动态模型,进而定量分析了水稻干物质积累过程的动态特征.结果表明:Richards方程能够准确描述水稻地上部干物质积累的动态模式,具有明确的生物学意义,具体方程式为RDMA=1.0157/(1+e3.6329-7.5907×RTEP)1/0.5574,r=0.9938;利用独立的水稻田间试验资料对所建模型进行了检验,水稻不同RTEP所对应的DMA观测值与模拟值之间的根均方差为0.86t.hm-2.根据水稻地上部干物质积累速率方程的2个拐点,可将整个干物质积累过程划分为前、中和后期3个阶段,发现水稻干物质最大积累速率及其出现时的相对辐热积和相对干物质积累量分别为2.24、0.56和0.46.A field experiment with four rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars and different nitrogen application rates was conducted,with the dry matter accumulation （DMA） in the cultivars aboveground part measured at their main growth stages. The dynamic model of relative dry matter accumulation （RDMA） was established with the normalized DMA and TEP （product of thermal effectiveness and PAR） from emergence to maturity,and the temporal characteristics of DMA changes was quantitatively analyzed based on the RDMA model. The dynamic changes of the RDMA could be well described with Richards equation,i.e.,RDMA=1.0157/（1＋e3.6329-7.5907×RTEP）1/0.5574 （r=0.9938）. The model was validated with independent field experiment datasets,involving different eco-sites,cultivars,and nitrogen application rates. The RMSE （root mean square error） between the simulated and observed values of DMA at varied RTEP was 0.86 t·hm-2. According to the two inflexion points of dry matter accumulation rate equation,the whole process of dry matter accumulation could be divided into early,middle,and late phases. The maximum dry matter accumulation rate （ARmax）,relative TEP at ARmax,and relative dry matter accumulation at ARmax were found to be 2.24,0.56,and 0.46,respectively.

关 键 词：水稻 干物质积累 辐热积 生长分析 RICHARDS方程 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]