中国生态气象灾害研究  

Summarize of Study of Ecological Meteorological Disaster in China

作　　者：邓振镛[1] 闵庆文[2] 张强[1] 李文华[2] 刘兴士[3] 王礼先[4] 卢琦[5] 李世东[6] 曹建华[7] 徐金强[8] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/甘肃省(中国气象局)干旱气候变化与减灾重点(开放)实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业研究所,吉林长春130012 [4]北京林业大学,北京100083 [5]中国林业科学院,北京100091 [6]国家林业局,北京100714 [7]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [8]甘肃省气象科技服务中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《高原气象》2010年第3期810-817,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830957);国家科技部公益行业专项(GYHY200806021);2009年中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF-09-14);甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(090NKCA118)共同资助

摘　　要：综述了生态气象灾害的定义、类型与特点;7种主要生态气象灾害的危害特征,包括危害现状、发展趋势以及主要危害;气象因子对7种主要生态气象灾害的影响;生态气象灾害的监测、预警与评估;生态气象灾害的应急管理与防御措施和恢复重建技术等5个重要方面的内容。生态气象灾害是我国一种综合性的、重大的自然灾害,其危害特点:具有累积性与长期性、难恢复性和不可抗逆性。它不仅直接危害到生态系统本身的健康,使生态系统严重恶化,还极大地危害到人类赖以生存的物质基础,最终严重地制约了社会经济可持续发展。生态气象灾害是一门多学科交叉、新型而又重要的领域。Definition,type and characteristics of ecological meteorological disaster were summarized in this paper.The characteristics,harmful present situation,trends of 7 kinds of ecological meteorological disaster development and their main hazards had been assessed in the paper.We also evaluated the influence of meteorological factors on the ecological meteorological disasters and their monitor,early warning,assessment,emergency management,protective measures and technology of rehabilitation and reconstruction.The ecological meteorological disaster is a kind of synthetic and serious natural disaster in China.The harmful characteristics of the disaster are cumulative and long-term injury and not recoverable and stress resistance.The ecological system had been interfered and quickened to become worse by the disasters.The material foundation on witch human lived on had been seriously harmed and the sustainable development of society and economy had been serious affected.Ecological meteorological disasters are interdisciplinary,new and important areas.

关 键 词：中国 生态气象灾害 应急管理 防御措施 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]