TNT在超临界二氧化碳中的溶解特性  

Solubility of TNT in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

作　　者：闻利群[1,2] 张同来[2] 秦清风[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051 [2]北京理工大学宇航科学技术学院,北京100081

出　　处：《含能材料》2010年第3期278-281,共4页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：兵器青年创新基金(编号:HZY06030202-7)

摘　　要：通过对比不同浓度的TNT/乙腈、TNT/丙酮、TNT/甲苯溶液的紫外吸收曲线,以乙腈作参比溶剂,用紫外分光光度计测定了温度为303,308,313,318,323 K,压力为10～25 MPa条件下三硝基甲苯(TNT)在超临界二氧化碳中的溶解度,并建立了波长为248 nm时TNT-乙腈溶液的浓度-吸光度关系。结果表明,在低压条件下(小于15 MPa),TNT炸药在超临界二氧化碳中的溶解度随着温度的升高略有降低;但随着压力增大(大于15 MPa),溶解度随温度的升高而增大。TNT在超临界二氧化碳中的溶解度较高,在试验范围内,每克二氧化碳中最多能溶解14 mg的TNT。The UV-Vis absorbance data of TNT/acetone,TNT/toluene and TNT/acetonitrile with different concentrations were measured.Acetonitrile was used as recrystallizing solvent,and the solubility of TNT in supercritical carbon dioxide（SC-CO2） was tested at 303,308,313,318,323 K and at pressure range of 10-25 MPa.The relationship of concentration and absorbance of TNT/acetonitrile solution at 248 nm wavelength was established.The results show that the solubility of TNT in SC-CO2 decreases with increasing of the temperature at the pressure（less than 15 MPa）.However,it will increases with increasing of the temperature at high pressure（more than15 MPa）.TNT has a high solubility in SC-CO2 and its value can get up to 14 mg TNT per gram of CO2.

关 键 词：物理化学 超临界二氧化碳 TNT 紫外分光光度计 

分 类 号：O625.611[理学—有机化学]