美味猕猴桃原生质体再生植株细胞遗传学研究 Ⅲ .母株减数分裂前期Ⅰ染色体配对的光镜观察  

CYTOGENETIC STUDIES ON REGENERATED PLANTS DERIVED FROM PROTOPLASTS OF ACTINIDIA DELICIOSAⅢ.LIGHT MICROSCOPE INVESTIGATION ON CHROMOSOME PAIRING OF FIRST MEIOTIC DIVISION IN POLLEN MOTHER CELLS OF MOTHER PLANT

作　　者：何子灿[1,1] 蔡起贵[2] 钱迎倩[2] 黄宏文[1] 侯云甫 何子灿 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉植物研究所,武汉430074 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》1999年第1期5-9,共5页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目! (批准号 :3 95 70 5 0 8)

摘　　要：首次报道在光镜下观察美味猕猴桃 (品种 :No.2 6原生质体植株的母株 )花粉母细胞( PMC)染色体在减数分裂前期的配对 ,发现其配对和凝缩有明显不同步性。不同细胞间染色体配对形式变化较大 ,一般以二价联会为主 ,其次由其它多种配对方式 (包括有复合配对、重复配对、着丝点或端粒处联合和多价联会 )形成多价体 ,还有少数未配对或发生内配对 (偶见 )的单价体和几条二价体之间的次级配对。粗线期观察到少数染色体有缺失 (或重复 )、倒位、易位和疏松配对等结构性改变。表明该植株是一个复杂的区段异源六位体 ,少数染色体在结构上累积有变异。还认为该植株是研究减数分裂染色体配对和联会机制的好材料。Chromosome pairing of first meiotic division in pollen mother cells (PMCs) of Actinidia deliciosa No.26 (the mother plant of protoplast derived plant) investigated microscopically was first repor ted in this paper.It was indicated that the chromosome pairing and condensation were not synchronous obviously.Greater variation appearred in the form of chromosome pairing in different PMCs.Among them,the main form was bivalent synapsis;multivalent was formed by various pairing forms,such as complex pairing,repeated pairing,association by telomeres or centromeres,and multivalent synapsis;and there were few unpaired or inter paired univalent (occasionally),and secondary pairing between some bivalents.Some structural variations,such as chromosome deficiency (or duplication),inversion,translocation,and loose pairing can be observed at pachytene stage.These phenomenans illustrated that this mother plant is a complicated segmental allohexaploid,and structural variations occur in some chromosomes.It is suggested that this mother plant is an excellent material for the studies on the mechanism of chromosome pairing and synopsis in meiosis.

关 键 词：美味猕猴桃 减数分裂 染色体配对 

分 类 号：Q949.758.2[生物学—植物学] S663.903.5[农业科学—果树学]