西安采暖季大气中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源解析  

Pollution Characterizations and Source Apportionment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Air During Domestic Heating Season of Xi'an

作　　者：李文慧[1] 张承中[1] 马万里[2] 周变红[1] 刘焱明 蒋君丽[1] 李一凡[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710056 [2]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室国际持久性有毒物质联合研究中心,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第7期1432-1437,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：陕西自然科学基金项目(2007D20);陕西省教育厅专项科研基金项目(06JK268)

摘　　要：采用改进型的大流量主动采样器,对西安采暖季大气总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)样品和气相样品进行了连续采集,利用GC-MS测定多环芳烃(PAHs)的浓度.结果表明,颗粒态和气态样品中Σ16PAHs平均值分别为(108.15±41.44)ng/m3和(260.14±99.84)ng/m3,2～3环的PAHs主要分布在气态中,而>4环的PAHs主要分布在颗粒态中,PAHs的气固相分配系数和其过冷饱和蒸气压具有良好的相关性.温度与分配系数也具有显著相关性,并应用逐步回归方法得出分配系数与温度的回归方程.利用特征分子比值法进行源解析,发现西安大气中PAHs主要来源于煤的不完全燃烧和汽车尾气的排放,并利用因子分析和多元线性回归对各种来源的贡献率进行了计算.通过污染指数与因子的代表物质进行偏相关分析,发现某些PAHs与SO2、NO2来自于相同的污染源.TSP samples and gas phase air samples were collected by an improved high volume active air sampler during domestic heating season in Xi＇an,and the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were analyzed via GC-MS.The results showed that average concentrations of Σ16 PAHs in TSP and gas phase were （108.15±41.44） ng /m3,（260.14±99.84） ng /m3,respectively.Two and three ring PAHs dominated in the gas phase,while more than four ring PAHs were mainly adsorbed on the particle phase.Good correlation was found between gas-particle partition coefficient and the respective sub-cooled vapor pressures of PAHs.A significant correlation was also found between partition coefficient and temperature,and the regression equation was put forward by stepwise linear regression method.Ratio analysis illustrated that coal burning and vehicle exhaust were the main source of PAHs in Xi＇an.Contribution of each source was calculated by factor analysis and multiple linear regression.Partial correlation analysis was applied to study the relationship between air pollution indexes and some representative PAHs of individual factors,which indicated some PAH had same source to SO2 and NO2.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 气粒分配 来源解析 因子分析 偏相关分析 西安 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]