巢湖周围池塘氮、磷和有机质研究  

Studies on Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Organic Matter in Ponds Around Chaohu Lake

作　　者：孙庆业[1] 马秀玲[1] 阳贵德[1] 陈政[1] 伍红琳[1] 宣淮翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学生命科学学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第7期1510-1515,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07103);安徽生态省建设办公室科技攻关项目

摘　　要：巢湖周围池塘众多,根据池塘位置和地表径流补给差异,池塘可以分为村庄内池塘、毗邻村庄池塘和农田区域池塘(远离村庄的池塘).本研究采集了巢湖周围136口池塘上覆水和沉积物样品,调查巢湖周围池塘中氮、磷以及有机质污染现状.结果表明,池塘上覆水中总氮、氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮、总磷、溶解态磷和COD平均含量分别为2.53、0.65、0.18、0.02、0.97、0.38和51.58mg·L-1;池塘沉积物中总氮、氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮、总磷、无机磷、有机磷和烧失量平均含量分别为1575.36、35.73、13.30、2.88、933.19、490.14、414.75mg·kg-1和5.44%;90%以上的池塘总氮、总磷含量达到或超过富营养化水平.位于村庄内的池塘上覆水和沉积物中总氮和氨氮的含量显著高于位于农田区域的池塘.上覆水和沉积物中无机氮表现为:氨氮>硝态氮>亚硝态氮.池塘上覆水和沉积物中有机质与总氮、总磷之间存在显著的正相关性.池塘中氮、磷和有机物质主要为陆源性输入,池塘位置和径流补给方式明显影响其中的氮、磷和有机质含量.通过截留径流中的氮、磷和有机质,池塘能够有效减少进入巢湖的营养盐含量.There are a lot of ponds around Chaohu Lake.According to location and runoff supply of ponds,the ponds are divided into three types：ponds inner vellage （PIV）,ponds adjacent vellage （PAV） and ponds outer vellage （POV）.The samples of water and sediment were collected from 136 ponds around Chaohu Lake and the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and organic matter in water and sediments were analyzed in this study.The results showed that mean contents of total nitrogen （TN）,NH 4＋-N,NO 3--N,NO 2--N,total phosphorus （TP）,soluble PO34--P and COD were 2.53,0.65,0.18,0.02,0.97,0.38 and 51.58 mg·L-1 in pond water,respectively;and mean contents of TN,NH 4＋-N,NO 3--N,NO 2--N,TP,inorganic phosphorus （IP）,organic phosphorus （OP） and loss of ignition （LOI） in pond sediment were 1 575.36,35.73,13.30,2.88,933.19,490.14,414.75 mg·kg-1 and 5.44%,respectivly.The ponds of more than 90% peresented eutrophycation in the contents of total notrogen and phosphorus in water.The contents of TN and NH 4＋-N in water and sediment of PIV were significantly higher than that of POV.And the contents of inorganic nitrogen in pond water and sediment displayed a following order：NH 4＋-NNO 3--NNO 2--N.Data analysis indicated taht there was a significantly positive correlation between organic amtter and tototal nitrogen and phosphorus in water and sediment.The nitrogen,phosphorus and organic matter in ponds mainly sourced farmlands and village land surface.The contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and organic matter in ponds were affected by location and runoff supply of ponds.By retainning nitrogen,phosphorus and organic matter in runoff,the ponds can effectively decrease nutrient content into Chaohu Lake.

关 键 词：池塘 氮 磷 有机质 沉积物 巢湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]