富有机质地质样品Re-Os同位素体系研究进展  

Advances in the study of the Re-Os isotopic system of organic-rich samples

作　　者：李超[1] 屈文俊[1] 王登红[2] 陈郑辉[2] 杜安道[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家地质实验测试中心,北京100037 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》2010年第4期421-430,共10页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：国家专项深部探测技术与实验研究专项(SinoProbe-03-01);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAB01B03);中国地质大调查项目(1212010633903)

摘　　要：Re-Os同位素的研究在过去几十年取得了重要进展。Re、Os能够在各种不同类型的富有机质地质样品中富集,Re-Os同位素体系在各种富有机质样品的研究已成为同位素地球化学研究领域一个新的热点。文章介绍了Re-Os同位素体系研究应用于富有机质地质样品研究的原理及其地质样品种类,从风化淋滤和熟化两方面对Re-Os同位素体系的封闭性进行了说明,并且结合实例论述了Re-Os同位素体系应用于富有机质地质样品的重大意义,还对不同类型富有机质样品的采样和溶样方法进行了归纳。此外,还提出了当前富有机质地质样品Re-Os同位素研究亟待解决的问题,指出富有机质地质样品Re-Os同位素分析将成为解决地质难题一种新的有力工具。In the past decades, significant advances have been made in the research on Re-Os isotopes. Re and Os can be concentrated from various organic-rich geologic samples, and hence the study of the Re-Os isotopic system in these samples has become a new hot spot in the field of isotope geochemistry. The organic matter, which is contained in organic-rich sedimentary rocks, is capable of absorbing and enriching Re and Os from the seawater. With the diagenesis of these organic-rich sedimentary rocks, the Re-Os isotopic system becomes closed, and the isotopic timing begins. If the hydrocarbon source rock becomes maturated, Re and Os would move with the organic hydrocarbon, and the Re-Os isotopic system could attain re-equilibrium. This paper deals with the principles of Re-Os isotopic system applied to various organic-rich geological samples such as black shale, oil shale, asphalt, schungite, oil and coal. Moreover, the potential disturbances of the weathering-leaching and the hydrocarbon maturation to the closure of Re-Os isotopic system are analyzed. In the aspect of practical application, several cases are cited to illustrate the significance of this isotopic system in the organic-rich system with the purpose of understanding such systems as environmental evolution, metallogenic process and hydrocarbon generation and accumulation. In order to help geologists and chemical analysts employ this isotopic system effectively, this paper has summed up the sampling and digesting methods for different samples. The Re-Os isotopic system in organic-rich geological samples should become a powerful tool in geological researches, but some problems remain to be solved in the near future.

关 键 词：RE-OS同位素体系 黑色岩系 油页岩 沥青 次石墨 原油 煤 

分 类 号：P597.1[天文地球—地球化学]