1240名入园、托儿童乙肝免疫情况分析  

An analysis of immunization status on hepatitis B among 1240 children

作　　者：蔡标[1,2] 孙业桓[1] 李筱青 叶冬青[1] 黄芬[1] 郑迎军[2] 钮娟娟[1] 龚磊[1] 王锋生[1] 盛晓蓉 葛阜阳[2] 李舜[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽省医学科学研究院,安徽合肥230061

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2010年第5期423-425,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：安徽省科技攻关计划资助项目(06013058A)

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省铜陵市入园、托儿童的乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗接种情况,为在低龄儿童中进行乙肝防治提供参考依据。方法用血清流行病学分析方法 ,对2007年9月在铜陵市第四人民医院体检的入园、托儿童1240人进行问卷调查并采集静脉血标本2ml,用ELISA法检测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)。结果本次调查的1240名儿童中,HBsAg阳性率为0.1%、HBsAb阳性率63.8%,乙肝疫苗首针接种率99.6%、首针接种及时率91.8%、全程接种率99.2%,HBsAb阳性率随年龄增长递减(χ2=12.94,P<0.01),有乙肝疫苗接种史的儿童HB-sAb阳性率高于未接种乙肝疫苗的儿童,乙肝疫苗第三针接种后HBsAb阳性率逐年降低(χ2=30.76,P<0.01)。结论儿童乙肝疫苗的接种率较高,但乙肝表面抗体阳性率不是很高,有必要进行加强免疫,提高乙肝疫苗首针接种及时率、全程接种率。Objective To investigate the status of HBV vaccination and infection among the children trusted in Tongling,Anhui province,and to offer reasonable basis for HBV prevention among young children.Methods Seroepidemiological and cluster sampling method was applied to select 1 240 children trusted and examined in the 4th people＇s Hospital of Tongling city in September of 2007.We collected vein blood 2 ml each and tested the hepatitis B virus surface antigen（HBsAg）and hepatitis B virus surface antibody（HBsAb）with ELISA assay after a questionnaire.Results The positive rate of HBsAg and HBsAb was 0.1% and 63.2% respectively.The immunization rate of HB vaccine with the first dose was 99.6%,the timely immunization rate of the first dose and the timely whole-course immunization rate was 91.8% and 99.2% respectively,the positive rate of HBsAb was decreased with age（χ^2=12.94,P〈0.01）and to the children who vaccinated HB vaccine was higher than non-vaccinated,the positive rate of HBsAb was decreased after the third dose（χ^2=29.49,P〈0.01）.Conclusions The rate of HB vaccine was satisfactorily high,while that of HBsAb was relatively low,and the immunization following up is in need,so improving the ratio of vaccination on time of first dose and vaccination with whole-course is still the focus of the control.

关 键 词：肝炎疫苗 乙型 阳性率 肝炎表面抗原 乙型 

分 类 号：R725.126.2[医药卫生—儿科] R512.62[医药卫生—临床医学]