黑龙江省农村居民乙型病毒性肝炎与艾滋病传播途径知晓率比较  

Comparison of the knowing rates about the transmission routes of Hepatitis B and AIDS among rural residents in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：李鑫[1] 袁丽丽[1] 李晓霞[2] 董茂森 刘宇鹏[1] 崔新刚[2] 姚立岩[2] 李相巍[1] 王玲[4] 马文娟[1] 张叶莉[5] 赵亚双[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]牡丹江医学院预防医学系,黑龙江牡丹江157000 [3]黑龙江省卫生监督所,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [4]齐齐哈尔医学院附属第二医院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [5]黑龙江省卫生厅疾控处,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2010年第6期503-506,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生厅普通资助项目(2006-308)

摘　　要：目的了解并比较黑龙江省农村居民对乙型病毒性肝炎和艾滋病传播途径知识的掌握情况,为在农村一般人群中开展有针对性的宣传教育提供依据。方法在黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市富裕县和牡丹江市海林县整群随机抽取3个村,对村中15～69岁的全体村民进行不记名问卷调查。结果发放问卷2000份,有效问卷1958份。农村居民对乙肝、艾滋病传播途径总知晓率分别为34.99%和40.67%(P<0.01);各单项问题知晓率除母婴传播外,其余均为乙肝低于艾滋病(P<0.05),且两病均以血液传播最高,性传播最低;次要传播途径知晓率为乙肝(36.77%)高于艾滋病(32.92%)(P<0.05);不同人口特征的调查对象对乙肝传播途径总知晓率均低于艾滋病。结论黑龙江省农村居民对艾滋病经性传播的知晓率最低;传播途径总知晓率均为乙肝低于艾滋病;应加大农村居民对艾滋病,尤其是性传播及乙肝各传播途径知识的宣传力度。Objective To study and compare the level of knowledge about the route of transmission of Hepatitis B with AIDS among rural residents in Heilongjiang Province in order to provide evidence for further health education. Methods Three villages were selected using cluster sampling method from Fuyu County of Qiqihaer and Hailin County of Mudanjiang of Heilongjiang Province. An anonymous self managed questionnaire was administrated to the whole rural residents between 15 to 69 years old in the 3 villages. Results A total of 2 000 questionnaire were distributed, and 1 958 available were collected. Among rural residents, the total rate of knowledge about the route of transmission of Hepatitis B and AIDS was 34.99% and 40.67%, respectively （P〈0.01）. Except that there were no significant differences between Hepatitis B and AIDS on the knowledge of ＂mother-to-child＂, the other knowledge about Hepatitis B was lower than those of AIDS （P〈0.05）. And the knowing rate of blood transmission was the highest while the sexual transmission route was the lowest. The knowing rate of knowledge about the route was the of secondary transmission of Hepatitis B （36.77%） was higher than AIDS （32.92%）（P〈0.05）. The total knowing rate of Hepatitis B in transmission routes was lower than that of HIV/AIDS whatever the study subject character is. Conclusions The sexual transmission route of AIDS is the lowest among rural residents in Heilongjiang Province. The total rate of knowledge about the route of transmission of Hepatitis B is lower than AIDS, especially of Hepatitis B and the sexual transmission route of AIDS. More Hepatitis B and AIDS related health education should be given among rural residents.

关 键 词：农村居民 肝炎 乙型 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 认知 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R512.91[医药卫生—临床医学]